本文將分析「主權」、「領土」與「安全」之間的關係。如果安全政策在國內政治的作用是爲7讓政治菁英有效維護其統治權,安全政策在國際社會的作用便是維繫國家與國家之間的一種穩定秩序。領土與主權的概念爲秩序提供了法理基礎,而所有進入現代國際關係體系的國家也必須學習以領土與主權概念來界定管轄範圍,並規範彼此的關係。本論文將先以現實主義學者對國家的討論爲起點,再進一步分析主權在國際政治的主要作用,最後將以此來檢視中國與印度之間的領土爭議。論文將以歷史發展過程之角度來理解爲何這些過去處於中印兩大文明邊緣的地域卻在20世紀中葉成爲兩個新興主權國亟欲爭奪的戰略目標。
This article analyzes the relationship among sovereignty, territory, and security. If the purpose of security policy in domestic politics is to help ruling elites consolidate their power, the purpose of security policy in international society is to help sovereign states maintain a stable order. Concepts such as territory and sovereignty provide legal bases for states to set up administrative boundaries and to regulate relations among themselves. This article starts by discussing Realist perspectives of state, and then analyzes the functions of sovereignty in modern international politics. The second half of the paper focuses on the territorial disputes between China and India.