拜登政府延續川普政府的南海政策,在南海島礁領土主權爭議上採取中立立場,但在南海海洋權利上要求各個聲索國遵守1982年『聯合國海洋法公約』;拜登持續在南海行使自由航行計畫與軍演,並與日本及澳大利亞在南海進行聯合軍演,恢復與菲律賓的「肩並肩」演習,這一切作為,看似拜登政府仍維持川普政府在南海事務對中強硬立場;不過,中國在南海的作為並沒有因爲拜登政府延續強硬政策而有軟化的跡象,反而派出海上民兵騷擾菲律賓專屬經濟海域,恢復三亞與西沙群島間的旅遊航線,在海南島近海進行航母演習,在九段線內干預他國的活動,例如俄羅斯石油公司在2021年6月底前結束在南海與越南的合作項目,主要是該公司另在陸地上有石油管道輸往中國,存在龐大利益,在中國壓力下撤出南海。本文旨在探究拜登政府的南海政策,除了釐清與川普政府南海政策的差別外,另說明美國南海政策的演進與一貫性;此外,南海問題牽動區域政治權力分配,中國與區域其他國家的反應,是台灣在應對南海問題上必須全盤考慮的問題。
The Biden administration continued the South China Sea Policy following the Trump administration. The U.S. adopts neutral position on the territorial sovereignty disputes in the SCS. However, U.S. insists on all claimants for the maritime rights in this region should be bounded by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). But China still has a strong stance against U.S. pressure. In the nine-dash line, the Chinese government bothered other countries activities in the SCS. This article not only studies on Biden's administration policy on the SCS but also compares to Trump's administration. In addition, the regional politics will affect all claimants and its relationship between China. Taiwan's alternatives in the SCS depend on the regional political distributions and China's responses in this region.