WTO體制下的貿易救濟措施比較研究

Comparison on the Different Remedies under the WTO System

胡加祥(Jia-Xiang Hu) ； 單衍嶺(Yen-Ling Shen)

《Taiwanese Journal of WTO Studies》 7期 (2007/12) Pp. 159-189

https://doi.org/10.30392/TJWTOS.200712_(7).0005

摘要

WTO體制下的貿易救濟措施成案要素有很多共同點：外來貿易損害行為、境內產業受到損害、兩者之間存在因果關係，這說明貿易救濟措施具有可選擇性。影響貿易救濟措施選擇的因素包括適用貿易救濟措施的目的和不同貿易救濟措施的成本、效果和風險。目的是保護境內產業、維護自由貿易和公平貿易；成本包括貿易的直接成本和機會成本；效果的不同主要體現在救濟措施的影響範圍和作用強度上；風險則是指敗訴的風險和被報復的風險。貿易救濟措施的選擇是一個複雜的過程，首先應具備統一的決策機構和暢通的資訊機制，在此基礎上，通過對需要救濟的境內產業損害形式和損害程度的確認，明確有哪些救濟措施可供選擇，然後綜合考慮影響貿易救濟措施的各種因素，權衡不同貿易救濟措施的利弊得失，進而做出適用貿易救濟措施的正確決策。

關鍵字

救濟措施 ； 反傾銷 ； 反補貼 ； 保障措施

並列摘要

There are many similar elements which lead to the various remedies under the WTO legal system: the fact of external trade,injury of internal industry, the causality between them... all ofthem illustrate that one can make choices in invoking the remedies. The facts which may influence one's choice include the purpose, cost, result and risk of the remedy. To make a decision on the choice of remedy is a complicated process. First of all, we should have a uniform decision-making body and openinformation-exchange system. Then, we should take into account all the elements mentioned above. Only upon this base work, can we make a correct choice in invoking trade remedies.

並列關鍵字

remedies ； anti-dumping ； anti-subsidy ； safeguard measures