- 期刊
高雄市青少年吸菸行為及其相關因素之探討
Smoking Behavior and Its Associated Factors among Teenagers in Kaohsiung City
摘要
目的：青少年正值身心發展快速時期，吸菸會嚴重戕害其身心健康，瞭解青少年吸菸行為乃公共衛生之重要議題。本研究目的旨在瞭解高雄市青少年之吸菸盛行率，並探討與吸菸有關之背景因素，以提供菸害防制及健康促進政策之參考。方法：本研究以高雄市國小四年級至高中職三年級學生為研究對象，採分層二階段隨機抽樣，調查期間為2004年7月至11月，共收集有效問卷1043份。結果：研究結果發現：(1)高雄市青少年吸菸盛行率為16.8%，國小學童為11.6%，國中生為18.1%，高中職生為20.3%；(2)男生吸菸率為21.9%，女生為12.6%；(3)平均首次吸菸年齡約為11歲，青少年起始吸菸的年齡有下降的趨勢；(4)與吸菸可能性有關之重要變項包括學習階段、性別、成績、雙親學歷、雙親婚姻狀況、父親吸菸狀況、兄弟姊妹吸菸狀況、同學與朋友吸菸狀況及個人吸菸態度。結論：鑑於不同學習階段男生吸菸的盛行率皆高於女生，且隨著學習階段的提升，吸菸比率與人數隨之增加，菸害防制教育宜向下紮根，從國小學童著手，提升青少年對菸害知識及菸害防制認知，分別從學校、家庭、社區及傳媒多管齊下，藉由認知提升進而影響態度及行為。
並列摘要
Objectives: Teenage period is one of the most rapid development stages in life. Cigarette smoking during this period has been proved, to be harmful to teenagers' health status and become an important public health issue. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of smoking behavior among teenagers in Kaohsiung city and to examine the factors associated with this behavior. Methods: Subjects were proportionally sampled among the 4(superscript th) graders in elementary schools through the senior students in high schools during July to November in 2004. Among the 1043 effective questionnaires, we found that the overall prevalence of smoking behavior was 16.8%, and was 11.6%, 18.1%, and 20.3% among elementary school, junior high school, and senior high school students, respectively. Results: The prevalence was 21.9% among boys and 12.6% among girls. The average age of beginning smoking was around 11 years old and tended to decrease in younger generation. Factors associated with teenagers' smoking behavior included current learning stage, sex, academic performance, parents' education level and marital status, father's and siblings' smoking behaviors, friends' and classmates' smoking behaviors, and personal attitude toward smoking. Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking behavior showed gender difference and increased as age increased. Education of smoking control should start as early as the elementary school stage. Recognition of smoking control can be designed through campus, family, and community activities and through media programs. Only by recognizing the seriousness of the problem can one change his or her attitude and behavior toward smoking.