建構與解構日本文化教科書裏的「文化圖景」與「文化民族主義」－以《日本剖析》為文本

Construction and Deconstruction of "Culture Prospect" and "Cultural Nationalism" in Textbooks of Japanese Culture

魏世萍(Shih-Ping Wey)

《明道學術論壇》 7卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 39-56

https://doi.org/10.6953/MJ.201109.0039

摘要

若「文化圖景」同為文化教科書與「文化民族主義」的主要構成要素，那麼無論主觀的好惡，民族主義學者所聲稱的「文化民族主義」，不僅隱隱然支配著文化教科書的主要架構，也必然活龍活現地躍然於文化教科書的字裡行間。既然，「文化圖景」是架構文化教科書的主要元素，那麼彙整「文化圖景」描繪文化風貌，就成為文化教科書編撰者的職責；而釐清「文化圖景」與「文化民族主義」之間的糾葛，就成為文化課程教授者的課題。然而，文化課程的教授者往往照本宣科，未能釐清其間之分際與關連。因此，解析教科書編撰者如何組合「文化圖景」呈現「文化民族主義」，同時解析教科書裡的「文化民族主義」與「文化圖景」之間的關連，就成為文化教科書研究者無可旁貸的任務。本文擬分下列要項進行探討：1.定義「文化圖景」與「文化民族主義」。2.解析各文化教科書組合「文化圖景」所營造之日本意象。3.探究日本文化教科書藉「文化圖景」傳達「文化民族主義」之策略。4.評析文化教科書呈現之「文化圖景」與「文化民族主義」在文化教育、外語教育上之義涵。

關鍵字

日本文化教育 ； 日本文化教科書 ； 文化圖景 ； 文化民族主義

並列摘要

If ”culture prospect” is the main element consisted in both culture textbooks and ”cultural nationalism”, whatever personal preference would be, the so-called ”cultural nationalism” by political scholars would not only faintly dominate the fundamental structure of culture textbooks but also appear vividly in lines of the culture textbooks.Since ”culture prospect” is regarded as the key unit that frames the content of culture textbooks, then collecting ”culture prospect” to portray the culture aspect would be the responsibility to the writers and editors who do all the compilation; and clarifying the entanglement between ”culture prospect” and ”cultural nationalism” would be the duty of instructors who lecture in culture course.However, instructors tend to directly present what is shown in the textbooks instead of explicitly defining the distinction and correlation in culture courses. Therefore, how to compile culture textbooks in terms of ”culture prospect” to illustrate ”cultural nationalism”, and how to analyze the connection between ”culture prospect” and ”cultural nationalism” are the absolute responsibility to the textbook compilers.This study is to be conducted in the following process and reaches its study purpose in the following steps: 1. Integrating theories to define ”culture prospect” and ”cultural nationalism”. 2. Analyzing Japanese images created in terms of ”culture prospect” in culture textbooks. 3. Exploring the strategies conducted in culture textbooks that convey ”cultural nationalism” with ”culture prospect”. 4. Comparing and giving critiques to both culture and foreign language educations in terms of culture prospect and cultural nationalism presented in culture textbook.

並列關鍵字

Japanese culture education ； Japanese culture textbooks ； culture prospect ； cultural nationalism