意象訓練在射箭之介紹與運用

Imagery Training in Archery: Introduction and Implications

吳聰義(Tsung-Yi Wu) ； 張怡潔(Yi-Chieh Chang) ； 邱炳坤(Ping-Kun Chiu) ； 張育愷(Yu-Kai Chang)

《運動教練科學》 43期 (2016/09) Pp. 87-95

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.2016.43.09

摘要

競技運動之競爭已呈現白熱化之現象，故選手與教練不僅需著重於技術訓練，融合心理技能之運動科學介入亦已成為當代成功競技運動表現之必須。本回顧著重介紹心理技能中之意象訓練，其內容涵蓋三個部分：其一為意象意涵、特徵，及其影響因素；其二則為意象訓練與射箭之相關研究；最後，提出意象訓練對射箭實務運用之建議。具體而言，本文著重介紹意象之意涵、五種特徵，及其包括意象能力與運動選手技能水準等影響因素。第二部分則由因應策略、意象內容選取、神經造影，以及之前中華臺北運科團隊經驗等角度，回顧有關射箭方面之意象研究。而第三部分則以訓練或練習、比賽，以及受傷等三個情境，及其他要點進行射箭情境下意象訓練之建議。

關鍵字

意象 ； 心理技能 ； 神經造影 ； 運科團隊

並列摘要

Given that the competition level of competitive sports has gone exponential, athletes and coaches should focus not only on skills training but also on psychological skills training in order to be successes in sports events. The present review particularly focuses on imagery training of psychological skill and introduces: (1) the meaning of imagery, the types of imagery, and it was influencing factors; (2) research related to imagery training and archery, and (3) the implications of imagery training as applied to archery. Specifically, the first section offers imagery definitions, details five types of imagery, and their influencing factors, such as imagery ability and its relationship to athletes' skills. The second section includes imagery studies examining copying strategies, the content of the imagery selected, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and the experiences of the Chinese Taipei Sports Science Archery Team. The third section provides recommendations for using imagery training in three archery situations, including training practice, competition, and in injury situations. We also propose other comments when developing an applied model of imagery uses in archery.

並列關鍵字

imagery ； psychological skills ； neuroimaging ； sport science team

參考文獻

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