輕度下背痛運動員執行核心運動之身體晃動及核心肌群肌電活化

The Body Sway and Trunk Muscles Electromyographic Activation While Performing Core Muscles Movements for Athletes with Mild Lower Back Pain

張曉昀(Hsiao-Yun Chang) ； 薛雅馨(Ya-Hsin Hsueh) ； 黃子涵(Tzu-Han Huang)

《運動教練科學》 53期 (2019/03) Pp. 25-41

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.201903_53.0003

摘要

目的：本研究藉由檢測健康與輕度下背痛運動員執行核心動作時身體晃動程度及核心肌群肌電活化情形，評估運動員核心穩定能力。方法：招募健康運動員20位及下背痛運動員14位，使用測力板與藍芽無線肌電系統分析身體晃動面積、軌跡及速度，評估腹直肌、腹橫肌、腹外斜肌、多裂肌肌電訊號。測試的核心運動一共七個：棒式、右／左側棒式、四點著地右腳左手伸張（左鳥狗式）、四點著地左腳右手伸張（右鳥狗式）、架橋式右／左腳抬高。所有動作均在測力板上完成，並同時收取核心肌群肌電訊號，以獨立樣本T考驗分析兩族群之差異。結果：以左／右鳥狗式較能區辨健康與下背痛運動員核心肌群穩定能力差異，兩個動作中下背痛運動員身體晃動面積顯著大於健康者約8～15倍；從肌電訊號徵召來看，對於健康者低至中強度動作包含棒式、架橋式右腳／左腳抬高；中強度動作包括右側／左側棒式；中度至高強度動作包含左鳥狗式及右鳥狗式。對於下背痛運動員其肌肉徵召量都多於健康者，表示下背痛運動員動作的能量消耗較多。結論：鳥狗式動作較能區辨健康與下背痛運動員核心肌群肌肉收縮能力，另外右／左側棒式動作又特別適合作為單側下背痛運動員之訓練動作，可成為運動員核心穩定訓練的參考依據。

關鍵字

核心穩定 ； 肌電圖 ； 運動傷害 ； 運動表現

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand and compare the body sway by using the force plate measured and core muscles electromyography while performing seven core muscles movements between the healthy athletes and athletes with mild lower back pain. Methods: A total of 20 healthy athletes and 14 low-back pain athletes were recruited in this study. The force plate and wireless electromyography (EMG) system were used to analyze the body sway area, trajectory, and velocity and to evaluate the myoelectric signal of the rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, external oblique muscle, and multifidus muscle. There are seven core movements to be tested: plank, right/left side plank, bird dog with right hand/left leg raise (left bird-dog), bird dog with left hand/right leg raise (right bird-dog), bridging with right/left leg raise. All movements are done on the force plate and the myoelectric signal data of the core muscles are also collected. The independent T-test was used to analyze the difference between healthy and lower back pain athletes. Results: The results of this study were showed that the right/left bird-dog movements are distinguished the stability of the core muscles between healthy and lower back pain athletes by the body sway on the force plate. The body sway area of the lower back pain athletes is significantly larger than that of the healthy group by about 8 ~ 15 times. The bird-dog movement can distinguish the difference of the body sway and the core stability between the healthy and lower back pain athletes on the force plate. From the view of the myoelectric signal recruitment, the movements of the low to moderate EMG intensity for healthy athletes includes plank and bridging with right/left leg raise; the moderate EMG intensity includes the right/left planks; the moderate-to-high-intensity consists of right/left bird-dog movements. For the lower back pain athletes, the core muscle recruitment is more than healthy, indicating the more energy consumption or easy to fatigue of the movement performing for the lower back pain athletes. Conclusions: In conclusions, bird-dog movements can distinguish core muscles contraction ability between healthy and lower back pain athletes. In addition, the right and the left plank movement may suitable for athletes with unilateral lower back pain. Those suggest can be used as a guideline for athletes' core stability training.

並列關鍵字

core stability ； electromyography ； sports injury ； sports performance

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