酒精使用疾患的臨床評估與照護

全球因為酒精使用而導致相關性的死亡約300萬人，死亡率占5.3%，台灣地區飲酒族群之年齡有逐漸年輕化的趨勢。中重度間歇性飲酒高達18.5%。飲酒衍生生理、心理的相關健康問題，飲用酒精後的酒駕行為也帶給社會重大危害。聯合國提出2030年永續發展目標，其中許多健康相關目標與酒精使用有相關性。酒精使用疾患病人反覆入院，長期飲酒衍生健康問題及家庭關係惡化，照護過程需考量病人生理、心理及社會層面的問題。治療初期可利用評估量表了解病人飲酒程度及病人戒斷症狀嚴重程度，待戒斷症狀改善可藉由藥物治療並輔助心理社會介入措施，藉由專業會談技巧，啟動病人戒癮動機，護理人員熟知酒精使用疾患臨床評估及照護原則，運用於臨床照護可增加病人戒酒成效，進而降低酒精使用造成不可逆的身心危害。

關鍵字

酒精使用疾患；評估；照護

並列摘要

Approximately 3 million deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol use. These deaths account for 5.3% of all deaths. In Taiwan, the average age of individuals who consume alcohol is younger than that of the general population. Up to 18.5% of individuals in Taiwan are moderate to heavy episodic drinkers. Alcohol consumption can lead to physiological and psychological health issues, and alcohol-impaired driving poses considerable risk to society. Many of the Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the United Nations are related to health and alcohol use. Patients with alcohol use disorder often experience repeated hospitalizations. Long-term alcohol consumption can cause problems with personal health and family relationships. Caring for individuals with alcohol use disorder requires consideration of physiological, psychological, and social dimensions. In the initial stages of treatment, assessment scales can be used to understand the extent of alcohol consumption and the severity of withdrawal symptoms. After withdrawal symptoms alleviate, medication can be employed along with psychological interventions. Professional counseling techniques can be incorporated to motivate patients to overcome their addiction. Nursing staff should gain familiarity with clinical assessments and care principles for alcohol use disorder to enhance the effectiveness of interventions and ultimately reduce the irreversible physical and mental harm caused by alcohol use.

並列關鍵字

alcohol use disorder ； assessment ； care

參考文獻

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