禳災和瘟三獻儀—南臺灣靈寶道派王醮科儀研究之二

On the Ritual of "rangzaihewensanxian"-research on the ritual of "wangjiao" of Lingbao school in Southern districts of Taiwan

姜守誠(Shou‐Cheng Jiang)

《漢學研究集刊》 13期 (2011/12) Pp. 19-52

https://doi.org/10.7045/YJCS.201112.0020

摘要

禳災和瘟三獻儀是臺灣南部地區靈寶道派舉行瘟疫醮儀時必會施演的一項內容，通常安排在焚送「王船」（送王）的前晚進行。臺南與高屏二地靈寶道派雖然在表演方式及節次內容上存見差異，但他們所奉行的宗旨理念均係為驅除瘟疫、祈保平安。總的說來，本場法事中道士禳災時基本採取「先禮後兵」的禳解原則，即先施予文場部分「和瘟三獻」儀式（帶有賄賂性質的行禮獻供）敦請瘟神疫鬼享用供品後自行登上「王船」、遠離此地，對那些頑劣分子（拒不執行者）則演行武場部分「逐疫押煞」儀式（今僅限於高屏地區），施展強制手段掃除諸不祥、確保境內瘟疫不起。我們分別從文獻源流、節次流程和文檢、法器等幾方面對此科儀內容進行梳理和考證。

關鍵字

和瘟三獻 ； 逐疫押煞 ； 臺灣南部 ； 靈寶道派 ； 王醮科儀

並列摘要

The ritual of ”rangzaihewensanxian”(禳災和瘟三獻儀) is a necessary part of the rituals for expelling the plague used by the Lingbao school in Southern districts of Taiwan. This ritual is usually carried out before the night of ”Songwang”(送王).Though there are some differences between the Lingbao school of Tainan and Gaoping districts in the performing way ,process and contents, they have the same idea of expelling the plague and pursuing safety. Overall, Taoist Follow such a principle as they will offer some gifts in order to urge the ghosts of the plague to be away from this area automatically by ”wangchuan” (王船) after they have enjoyed the offerings .But to the stubborn ones, Taoist will carry out compulsory measures to cleaning up those ominous things to ensure the plague can't afford in this area. This thesis will give a textual research about the rituals around the Literature , process, ritual paper and ritual instruments.

並列關鍵字

the ritual of hewensanxian (和瘟三獻) ； expelling the plague ； Southern districts of Taiwan ； the Lingbao school (靈寶道派) ； the ritual of wangjiao (王醮科儀)