秦漢吏道之源流與實踐

秦漢時期的文吏大多具備了「以法繩之」治事的法家色彩，然而為吏之道除了以法令為師之外，尚需許多法令之外的才能。綜合出土文獻與傳世史料，可以發現秦漢吏道與戰國後期的遊士文化關係密切，除了反映出學術思想的融合特色之外，雜抄、拼貼的風格亦與遊士之學習模式相符。此外，秦簡中所見的吏道理想，絕大多數都能在漢代循吏列傳中找到實踐例證，出土的漢代長吏籍簿亦可見漢代仕進管道與吏道之理想相符。換言之吏道從思想的萌發，文獻的傳抄，乃至於理想的實踐，制度的規劃，在先秦兩漢之間構成了一個完整的學術發展脈絡。

關鍵字

吏道；為吏之道；為吏治官及黔首；漢代循吏

並列摘要

The behavior style of the civil officials during the Qin and Han Dynasty most likely followed the thought of legalists, laws shall prevail; however, to be an official requires talent and other abilities. Based on the unearthed documents and the traditional texts, it could be found that there was a close bond between the way to be an official in the Qin and Han Dynasty and the culture of wandering scholars in the late Warring States Period. In other words, the way to be an official in the Qin and Han Dynasty also featured the integration of academic theories and the pastiche of different articles. Moreover, the ideals of being an official written on the Qin bamboo slips could be found praxis evidences in the obedient officials biography and the official advancement system in the Han Dynasty as well. In conclusion, the way to be an official during the Qin and Han Dynasty, from the germ of an idea and the writings of books towards the management of systems and the practice of ideals, established a process of continuous and complete development.