兩種櫻花於熱帶地區生長適應與開花狀況調查研究

The investigation on the Growth Adaptation and Flowering Status of Two Ornamental Cherry in Tropical Areas

黃柔嫚(Jou-Man Huang)

《臺灣園藝》 65卷3期 (2019/09) Pp. 119-132

摘要

櫻花（Prunus spp.）是屬薔薇科（Rosaceae）梅屬（Prunus L.）櫻亞屬（Cerasus）之落葉木本植物，主要為分布於亞洲地區，鑒於其開花觀賞性佳極受國人喜愛，嘉義市政府擬作為景觀植物栽種於市區內。然因櫻花品系原屬溫帶氣候植物，對於是否能適應熱帶氣候之嘉義市生長尚待存疑，因此本研究針對2種較耐熱之櫻花種類河津櫻（Prunus lannesiana cv. Kawazu-zakura）、與泰國清邁生長良好之虎皇后櫻花（Prunus cerasoides），進行現地試種評估，以了解其在熱帶高溫地區之生長適應與開花狀況。結果發現兩者整體生長狀況皆屬良好，且虎皇后之生長在株高、樹冠寬度與葉群面積上皆較河津櫻值高而強健；而在開花數方面虎皇后第1年無開花、直至第2年4-5月才有40%之株樹開花且開花數低，河津櫻則為40%株樹1年可開花2次，各為2月與9-11月間。

關鍵字

嘉義市 ； 選種 ； 景觀植物 ； 花期

並列摘要

Prunus spp. is a deciduous woody plant belonging to the subgenus Cerasus of the genus Prunus L., mainly distributed in Asia. Due to its beautiful flowers, Chiayi City Government intends to plant it as a landscape plant in the urban area.However, the Prunus spp.is a temperate-climate plant, therefore it is questionable whether it can adapt to the tropical climate of Chiayi City. Consequently, this study aimed at two kinds of more heat-resistant Prunus spp., Prunus lannesiana cv. Kawazu-zakura, and Prunus cerasoides, a well-grown breed inThailand. Field experiments were conducted to assess its growth adaptation and flowering in tropical high-temperature areas.The results showed that the overall growth of both was good, and the growth of the Prunus cerasoides was stronger than that of Prunus lannesiana cv. Kawazu-zakura, in terms of the plant height growth, canopy and total leaf-area. In the blooming, the Prunus cerasoideswas no flowering until the second year of April or May, and only 40% of the trees were flowering and the number of flowers was low. For Prunus lannesiana cv. Kawazu-zakura, 40% of the trees could flower twice a year, one in February and the other during the period from September to November.

並列關鍵字

Chiayi City ； species selection ； landscape plants ； flowering time