扣押問題的定性與思辯

Quality and Speculation about the Problems of Detention

柯耀程(Yaw-Cheng Ke)

《高大法學論叢》 6卷2期 (2011/03) Pp. 103-130

https://doi.org/10.29887/NUKLJ.201103.0002

摘要

在強制處分手段之中，扣押雖與搜索同爲對物的強制處分手段，且在學理的論述，或是實務的見解中，二者時常如影隨形，但扣押與搜索的目的性不同，在強制處分正當性的要求上，有所差異，乃至因違法所生的效應，二者間完全不同，不能等而視之。雖然扣押與搜索同屬於財產權干預的強制手段，但扣押的權利干預效應，有時更甚於搜索。惟學理詮釋二者概念時，焦點多置於搜索的問題，卻輕忽扣押的權利干預問題，或許是因程序正當性效應，搜索係直接作用於取得之證據，而違法扣押的效果，卻非屬於程序效應之問題。但同屬於強制處分手段，扣押的影響，並不亞於搜索，甚至其權利干預的侵害效應，更是有過之而無不及。因此，全面性檢視扣押的問題，對於建構正當化強制處分手段，乃有其不可偏廢的必要性。

關鍵字

扣押 ； 搜索 ； 證據保全 ； 證據取得 ； 扣押物發還 ； 證據確認 ； 令狀

並列摘要

Detention and search are both measure that enforcement action in rem. No matter theories or practice, both of them very closely associated with each other. But their purposes, the legitimacy of enforcement action and the effect when the law was broken are totally different. Both of detention and search are the compulsion of property, but the interventions of detention are much stronger than search. However, theories usually focus on search but ignore the intervening problems of detention when they explain these two concepts. Perhaps the reason is the effect of legitimacy. Search affect evidence obtained directly. Nevertheless, the problems of illegal detention are not belong the problems of procedure. The effects of detention are not less than search but even more. Therefore, reviewing the problems of detention comprehensively is necessary to build justified enforcement measure.

並列關鍵字

etention ； search ； preservation of evidence ； evidence obtained ； seized property returned ； the evidence confirmed ； Writ