刑事扣押程序理論與實務

The Theory and Practice of Criminal Procedure for Seizure

林淑慧(Shu-Hui Lin)

指導教授 ： 柯耀程

國立中正大學/法學院/法律學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

長期以來司法常將扣押程序視為搜索程序後國家機關取得證據之手段，並將扣押與搜索過度連結，導致對扣押定位與屬性有所誤解。然扣押之性質並非取得證據，乃係對已取得之證據，所為之程序保全，其屬性與定位應係證據保全；又扣押程序與之前的搜索及之後的沒收等問題，於實務操作上亦有互為糾葛的難題。因此，本文爰以扣押理論為基礎，檢討現行實務之操作，除提出現行法治上對於扣押程序及沒收制度的不足與檢討外，對於刑事扣押、沒收，重新架構及釐清屬性及定位，並探究本質。對其所生效應問題則以完整性詮釋，並進而思考強制處分的分配原則應如何適用。最後檢討扣押程序真正意涵，及其後沒收相關連帶追繳制度、現行實務應如何應對及善予運用，進而提供後續研究、實務運作或作修法之參考。

關鍵字

扣押 ； 強制處分 ； 證據保全 ； 搜索 ； 沒收 ； 追徵 ； 追繳 ； 抵償

並列摘要

The seizure procedure has been considered as a measure to obtain evidence after executed the search procedure by government authorities for a long time in our justice system; in addition, the excessive combination of seizure and search has also caused the misunderstanding for the positioning and property of seizure. However, the property of seizure is not to obtain the evidence, but execute the preservation procedure for obtained evidence; as a result, its property and positioning should be the Perpetuation of Evidence. Moreover, as for the issues of procedures of search, seizure and forfeiture sequentially, difficulties also existed in the reciprocal involvement for practical implementation. Therefore, this study is adopted the seizure theory as the basis to explore the current practical implementation, in addition to propose the insufficiency and review for the seizure procedure and forfeiture system in the current justice system, this study has also reframed and clarified the properties and positioning, as well as explored the essence of criminal seizure and forfeiture. Thus, it conducted the integrity interpretation of the derived issues from its effect, and further thought that how to apply the distributive principle to the Prosecutors’ Order. At last, this study reviewed the real connotation of the seizure procedure and how to respond and apply to the follow-up forfeiture and related the payment pursuing system and current practice, and then provided as the reference to the follow-up research, practical implementation or law amendment.

並列關鍵字

Seizure. ； Prosecutors’ Order ； Perpetuation of Evidence ； Search ； Forfeiture ； Levy ； Pursuing the Payment ； Compensation

參考文獻

4. 柯耀程，「刑法分則修正相關問題之檢討（系列一）」學術研討會─沒收、追徵、追繳與抵償制度之運用與檢討，法令月刊第59卷第6期，2008年6月。

10. 柯耀程，扣押問題的定性與思辯，高雄大學法學論叢第6卷第2期，2011年3月。

16. 楊雲驊，新法下檢察官的舉證責任及法院的調查義務─評最高法院九十一年度第四次刑事庭會議，月旦法學雜誌，元照出版有限公司，2002年10月第89期。

一、《書籍部分》

1. 王兆鵬，刑事訴訟講義，元照出版有限公司，2009年9月。