技術創新對產品創新績效之影響

The Effects of Technology Innovation on Product Innovation Performance

黃輝福(Hui-Ful Huang) ； 李春實(Trun-Sur Lee)

《華人前瞻研究》 14卷2期 (2018/11) Pp. 37-39+41-53

摘要

根據過去研究發現產品創新績效會受到產品創新資源的影響，這涵蓋產品創新程序的三個構面。產品創新程序對產品創新績效也有顯著性影響，但是技術創新也會影響產品創新程序。Teece(1986)指出創新包括一些技術知識，以提供企業進行產品創新程序，並做為產品創新的必要資源和能力。所以本研究將探討技術創新對產品創新績效之影響。在母體確定後，將以企業研究發展人員為樣本對象，並經由問卷施測，全部回收有效問卷為43份。本研究依問卷施測進行實證分析獲致結論有：1.產品技術創新的α值為0.778、程序技術創新的α值為0.865及產品創新績效的α值為0.817。研究變項之α值符合信度標準，此量表信度可以接受；2.產品技術創新與程序技術創新呈現顯著正相關；3.產品技術創新與產品創新績效呈現顯著負相關；4.程序技術創新與產品創新績效呈現顯著負相關；5.程序技術創新已達5%統計上顯著水準。亦即假說H1-1：產品技術創新對產品創新績效有影響並未獲支持，但H1-2：程序技術創新對產品創新績效有影響已獲統計驗證支持；以及6.沒有任何背景變數在技術創新與產品創新績效上之看法上有顯著性差異。本研究主要探討中小企業技術創新和產品創新績效之關係，發現產品技術創新和程序技術創新呈正相關，但是二者對產品創新績效則有負相關。這是因為中小企業規模較小，在產品技術創新上不敢貿然投入資源，只能在程序技術創新（例如製程改良）上著手，以延續產品生命週期或強化產品功能。

關鍵字

技術 ； 技術創新 ； 產品創新績效

並列摘要

According to past research, product innovation performance affected by product innovation resources, it is encompassing the three dimensions of product innovation process. Product innovation process has a significant effect on product innovation performance, but technology innovation will also affect product innovation process. Therefore, technology innovation is viewed as ability and the company’s technical resource. Teece (1986) also mentioned that innovation includes some technical knowledge to help enterprise perform product innovation and to act as necessary resource and capability for product innovation. Therefore, this study will explore the effects of technology innovation on product innovation performance. Using enterprise R&D personnel as samples, the study contains 43 valid questionnaires. Through empirical analysis, this study reveals that 1. The α value of product technology innovation is 0.778. The α value of technology innovation process is 0.865 and the α value of product innovation performance is 0.817. The α values of this research are all within the reliability standard of values suggested by literature. 2. There is a positive correlation between product technology innovation and technology innovation process. 3. There is a negative correlation between product technology innovation and product innovation performance. 4. There is a negative correlation between technology innovation process and product innovation performance. 5. Technology innovation process reaches 5% significance. In other words, H1-1: product technology innovation affects product innovation performance is not supported, but H1-2: technology innovation process affects product innovation performance is supported. 6. No background parameters have any effect on views regarding technology innovation and product innovation performance. This study primarily explores the effects of technology innovation on product innovation performance in small and medium enterprises. This study discovers that there is positive correlation between product technology innovation and technology innovation process. But they have negative correlation with product innovation performance. This is because small and medium enterprises are smaller in scale that they do not spend too much resources on product technology innovation, and they can only spend on technology innovation process (e.g. improvement in manufacturing process) to prolong product life cycle or improve product functions. Past research also did not explore the middling effect of product innovation performance on business performance. Therefore, we suggest that future studies can explore product innovation performance as a middling parameter between product innovation process and business performance.

並列關鍵字

Technology ； Technology Innovation ； Product Innovation Performance