營造新手護理師的友善職場－策略篇

護理人員提供第一線的醫療照護，與病人的接觸最頻繁、相處時間最長，新進護理人員進入醫院工作第一年，是護理職業生涯中壓力最大的階段，發現平均五成的護理人員於工作一年內離職或轉調單位，新進護理人員高流動率不僅影響自我專業發展，更增加醫院營運成本。因此，營造新手護理師之友善職場是管理者的重要工作之一。本文以營造友善職場的策略性觀點，綜整近年國內外文獻後，歸納出策略類別及作法有：「領導管理」策略：單位營造友善接納氛圍，建立同儕支持團體與紓壓管道；「人事政策與薪資福利」策略：實施護理臨床教師制度與工作福利；「學習適應」策略：客製化學習歷程，專人協助新進護理師適應工作與生活；「創新改善」策略：電子化護理行動車提供各項相關資訊連結。當今各醫療機構致力導入不同的解決方案，改善新人留任、適任的成效不一，希冀本文能提供策略性的建議及具體做法，以持續營造友善職場及留任護理人力。

關鍵字

新進護理人員；友善職場；策略方案

並列摘要

Nursing staff provide frontline medical services, have the most contact with patients, and interact with them for prolonged periods of time. For novice nurses, the first year of work is the most stressful stage of their nursing career. It was found that an average of 50% of nursing staff resigned or transferred to other units within their first year. The high turnover rate of novice nurse not only impacts their professional development, but also increases the hospital's operating costs. Therefore, creating a friendly workplace for novice nurses is one of the most important responsibilities for administrators. Building on this concept and based on international literature review, we developed four strategies for improvement. ＂Management of Leadership＂ aims to create a friendly and accepting atmosphere in the unit and to establish peer support and stress relief groups. ＂Improvement of Human Resources and Employee Benefits＂ focuses on work performance bonuses and clinical preceptor programs. The strategy of ＂Enhancement of Learning Adjustment＂ was developed to improve training quality such as customized curriculum and assignation of senior staff nurses to help novice nurses adjust the workplace. ＂Innovation for Progress＂ emphasizes approaches to integrate and provide relevant information via the electronic nursing documentation. Medical institutions have made efforts to implement different approaches to retain nurse staffs and to strengthen professional confidence, yet their effectiveness were varied. Strategies and practical solutions were proposed in the study to continuously create a friendly work environment and facilitate nurse retention.

並列關鍵字

novice nurses ； friendly workplace ； strategies

參考文獻

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營造新手護理師的友善職場－策略篇

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