探討夜食行為與自覺壓力對於健康生活品質之影響

目的：探討以睡眠品質作為中介變項於夜食行為與自覺壓力對於健康生活品質之影響。方法：採橫斷性研究，調查時間為2019年1月至4月，調查方式為電腦輔助調查電話訪問系統，問卷設計有基本人口學資料、夜食行為、自覺壓力、匹茲堡睡眠品質與健康生活品質等。研究對象為臺灣地區（不含離島）滿18歲至65歲之民眾，以中華電信106年電話號碼簿做為抽樣清冊，其家戶數為7,559,128戶，以分層隨機方式進行抽樣，有效樣本為1,126份。結果：健康生活品質中生理構面平均為48.62分（SD=7.22）及心理構面平均為53.97分（SD=7.19）。夜食行為平均為9.19分（SD=3.26），自覺壓力平均為2.69分（SD=4.2），睡眠品質平均為3.52分（SD=2.29）。年齡、慢性疾病、居住地對健康生活品質具有顯著差異性（p＜.05）。在預測力分析上，夜食行為或自覺壓力對健康生活品質具顯著預測力。睡眠品質對夜食行為於健康生活品質不具顯著中介效果，但睡眠品質對自覺壓力於健康生活品質具顯著中介效果。結論：近半的受訪者在健康生活品質的生理構面，其感受是不佳的，另有20%民眾在心理構面的感受是不佳的。另外，民眾之夜食行為與自覺壓力對健康生活品質皆具有顯著之影響，其中睡眠品質在健康生活品質之影響具有顯著之直接與中介效果。研究建議國人應降低夜食行為的頻率，適時紓解壓力，改善睡眠品質後，其健康生活品質也會因此提升。

關鍵字

夜食行為；自覺壓力；睡眠品質；健康生活品質；中介效果

並列摘要

Purpose: To study the mediation effect of perceived sleep quality (PSQ) on night eating behaviors (NEB) and perceived stress (PS) in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: This study used a cross-study design, the time to survey was from January to April in the year 2019, using a CATI system to help us for telephone interviewing, there were demographic data, NEBs, PS, PSQ, and HRQoL designed in our question. The population was lived in Taiwan and they were aged from 18 to 65 years old, and using the phone book of Chunghwa Telecom Company, Ltd published in the year 2017 to be a sampling frame which included7,559,128 houses. Totally in this survey, we got 1,126 samples with validation by stratified random sampling. Results: The average score of physical and psychology was 48.62 (SD=7.22) and 53.97 (SD=7.19) in HRQoL, respectively. Moreover, in this study, we also got the average score of NEBs, PS, and PQS was 9.19(SD=3.26), 2.69 (SD=4.2), and 3.52(SD=2.29). We found a significant difference in HRQoL by different ages, with or without chronic diseases, and a different location (p ＜ 0.05). How about the prediction of NEBs and PS, the result showed there existed a significant prediction on HRQoL. Regarding the mediation effect of PSQ, we found PSQ that didn’t have the mediation effect on HRQoL, but the PS had this mediation effect. Conclusion and suggestion: According to our result, half participates hadn't good HRQoL in the dimension of physiology, and 20% of participates were in the psychological dimension. For HRQoL, NEBs and PS both significantly affected HRQoL, and the PSQ was with the direct and indirect mediation effect on it. Finally, this study suggests people that who need to decrease the frequency of NEB, to release stress, to improve the quality of sleep, then the HRQL will be naturally upgraded.