探討四個語詞類比及其在創造思考活動中的應用

本文旨在探討四個語詞類比的內涵、它們與創造思考的關聯以及如何運用它們在創造力的教學活動當中，文中所呈現的四個語詞類比之創造思考活動為作者自己所研發，而且有實證研究的支持，希望能對創造力教學有所貢獻。文中首先檢視四個語詞類比的基本結構、原則、兩大種類、多樣性、交錯映射等，再提到類比在四個語詞類比在認知測驗中所扮演的角色，然後進入到本文的核心，其中包括四個語詞類比與創造力的關係、四個語詞類比與創造力相關的實證研究以及四個語詞類比在創造思考活動中的運用。本文在相關的學術文獻中討論了重要且獨特的四個語詞類比議題，在最後提出了教育意涵以及應用，並呈現大學生在實際活動中的豐富創作以供讀者參考。類比思考是人類智力與創造力的關鍵，它的理論以及應用有待未來更多研究的探索與發掘。

關鍵字

四個語詞類比；比喻詞性；共同關係結構；創造力；流暢性；獨創性

並列摘要

The purpose of this article was to explore the essence of four-term analogies, their relations to creative thinking, and how they could be applied in teaching for creativity. The instructional activity that involved four-term analogies to foster creativity was designed by the author himself and built on an empirical basis. In the article, four-term analogies' fundamental structure, principles, two major classes, multiplicity, and cross-mapping are first addressed. Then, the role four-term analogies play in cognitive tests is also examined. After the background information concerning four-term analogies comes the principal parts of the article, including four-term analogies and creative thinking, four-term analogies and creativity-related empirical studies, application of four-term analogies in instructional activities, etc. Crucial issues regarding analogies were discussed in the context of relevant literature. Educational implications were also presented. The authentic products of college students were shown for reference near the end of this article. Analogical thinking is the key to human intelligence and creativity. Its theory and practice are awaiting discovery of more research studies in the future.