工作需求－控制模式與工作倦怠關係之研究：以自我效能爲干擾變數

The Moderating Effects of Self-Efficacy on the Relationships of Demand-Control Model and Burnout

黃英忠(Ing-Chung Huang) ； 黃毓華(Yu-Hwa Huang) ； 劉錦雲(Chin-Yun Liu) ； 陳錦輝(Chin-Hui Chen)

《管理實務與理論研究》 2卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 37-51

https://doi.org/10.29916/JMPP.200803.0003

摘要

自我效能爲個人對是否能執行工作任務的信念，本研究著重於探討自我效能在工作需求、控制(D-C)壓力模式，與工作倦怠關係間的干擾作用。過去D-C模式的研究強調增加工作控制以緩和工作需求的影響，本研究則強調高自我效能的個人，才能發揮工作控制的緩和作用。研究資料以某政府機關580位公務人員爲樣本，採層級迴歸分析法，資料分析結果發現工作需求對工作倦怠具有正向的顯著影響。此外，對高自我效能者而言，高工作控制者相較於低工作控制者，工作需求導致乏人格化的程度較爲輕微。研究結論建議應注重強化員工的自我效能，並賦予適當的工作控制權限，以降低員工因工作需求增加而可能導致乏人格化程度上昇的影響。

關鍵字

工作需求－控制模式 ； 工作倦怠 ； 自我效能

並列摘要

Self-efficacy is perceived as the comprehensive and integrated beliefs in one’s capabilities to organize and execute job duty effectively. Present study focus on the role of self-efficacy as a key moderator between the relationship of job stress and burnout. According to Karasek's D-C model, there are two dimensions on job stress: job demand and job control. In additional, the dimensions of burnout in this study include emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Previous studies on D-C model mainly placed emphasis on increasing job control to diminish symptoms of job stress resulting from job demand. This study explores incremental job control for high self-efficacy in order to decrease job strain. Survey data on 580 government officials demonstrate: (1) Job demand has positive influence on the burnout. (2) Self-efficacy has significant buffering effects between the relationship of job demand and depersonalization. For those with low level of self-efficacy, job control has no significant moderating effects on the relationship between job demand and burnout. In contrast, in term of those with high level of efficacy, job control present significant buffering effects on the relationship between job demand and depersonalization. The study suggests that enhancing the individual's self-efficacy can decrease the impact of job stress on depersonalization.

並列關鍵字

Demand-Control Model ； Burnout ； Self-Efficacy

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