休閒主題樂園員工對人力精簡實施程度、人力精簡認知及組織承諾之相關研究

近年來全球經濟衰退，許多企業都面臨了經營上的困境，爲了有效的控制各項支出，於是採取了最直接的方法「人力精簡」來降低成本以強化體質。在不景氣與失業低迷的大環境下，消費者在休閒活動方面的支出必然相對減少，致使休閒主題樂園業面臨較其他產業更激烈的困境。因此休閒主題樂園業的人力精簡的探討更來得複雜與重要，而即使人力精簡策略一直普遍被企業所使用，但卻很少評估其可行性。故本研究目的如下：一、了解各主題遊樂園之人力精簡方式與情形。二、分析不同背景之主題遊樂園員工與人力精簡方式的關係。三、探討人力精簡特徵對主題遊樂園員工組織承諾的關係。四、衡量公平性知覺對主題遊樂園員工組織承諾的影響。本研究欲探討主題遊樂園業者實施人力精簡的程度及員工人力精簡認知，對員工組織承諾的影響，以中部地區通過交通部觀光局審核之標章風景遊樂區爲主要研究範圍，取得四家主題遊樂園業之職員工144份有效問卷。經統計分析結果顯示：一、主題遊樂園之人力精簡實施程度會顯著正面影響員工組織承諾。但是員工人力精簡認知會顯著正面影響員工組織承諾。二、不同背景之主題遊樂園員工在人力精簡實施程度認知上差異分析，結果顯示所有背景變項在人力精簡實施程度認知上未達顯著性差異。三、主題遊樂園員工在人力精簡認知上差異分析，結果顯示性別及婚姻狀況在人力精簡實施程度認知上達顯著性差異。四、不同背景之主題遊樂園員工在主題遊樂園組織承諾認知上差異分析，結果顯示僅性別變項在人力精簡實施程度認知上達顯著性差異。

關鍵字

休閒主題樂園；人力精簡實施程度；員工人力精簡認知；員工組織承諾

並列摘要

With the global economic recession in recent years, a lot of enterprises have faced the managerial predicament. In order to effectively control each of expenditure, they take most direct method 'employee's downsizing' to lower costs by strengthening the physique. Under the depressed and unemployment environment, consumer's expenditure in recreation activity must be reduced relatively, it cause the theme parks to face the predicament more than that of other industries. So the discussion of 'employee's downsizing' in the theme parks comes complicatedly and importantly even more, and even if 'employee's downsizing' tactics generally to use by enterprises, but seldom assess its feasibility. This research purpose is as follows: First, understand 'employee's downsizing' measures and situation in theme parks. Second, analysis the relationship of different background's theme parks staff and 'employee's downsizing' measures. Third, investigate the relationships of 'employee's downsizing' characteristic and employee's organizational commitment in the theme parks. Fourth, weigh the effect in fairness consciousness and employee's organizational commitment in the theme parks. This study examines how employee's organizational commitment be effected by processing different level of employee's downsizing of the theme parks and the employee's perception of downsizing. Four theme parks of mid-Taiwan are investigated and the total effective questionnaires are 144. The study results indicated that: 1. Level of employee's downsizing has significant influence to employee's organizational commitment. Level of employee's downsizing has not significant influence to employee's perception of downsizing. Employee's perception of downsizing has significant influence to employee's organizational commitment. 2. The employees with different socioeconomic background have not significant difference in level of employee's downsizing. 3. Two elements of employees' socioeconomic background have significant difference in the employee’s perception of downsizing. 4. One element of employees' socioeconomic background has significant difference in level of employee's downsizing.