滯洪容積與效率簡化計算模式

滯洪設施為社區開發時洪水災害治理之主要措施，滯洪池越大遲滯洪水越多，則造成災害之可能性越低，但滯洪池越大則開發成本越高，因此滯洪池大小與滯洪效益為值得研究之課題。本研究整理Hong等(2006)六種簡化滯洪容積計算模式，推演洪水流經滯洪池後之洪峰遲滯時間計算公式，並整合洪峰降低量及洪峰遲滯效益為滯洪效益；以台灣中部科學園區滯洪池為例，計算水土保持技術規範及六種模式所推得之滯洪容積。發現短延時暴雨以水土保持技術規範計算之滯洪容積值最大，長延時暴雨以梯形入流及三角形出流之滯洪容積值最大，未來滯洪容積計算時應再考慮梯形入流及三角形出流歷線。此外三角形入流及出流歷線具有洪峰降低及洪峰遲滯效益，梯形入流及三角形出流歷線則以洪峰遲滯效益為主。

關鍵字

滯洪池容積；短延時暴雨；長延時暴雨；滯洪效益

並列摘要

Detention facility is the main method to reduce the flood disaster. A bigger detention pond can keep more flood volume, so as to reduce the probability of disaster. Nevertheless, a bigger detention pond needs more cost. Therefore, the size and the efficiency of detention pond are worth discussing. This study arranged the six types of simplified method of detention storage volume by Hong et. al. (2006); deduced the delay time equation of peak flood rate after flood passing through detention pond, and combined the reduction of peak flood rate and delay of peak flood time as the detention efficiency. This study uses the design data of detention pond in the Central Taiwan Science Park, and adopts the simplified models and soil and water conservation norm (SWCN) to calculate the detention volumes. In the type of short rainfall duration, we obtained the maximum storage volume by SWCN. In the type of long rainfall duration, the maximum storage volume occurred in the combination of trapezoidal inflow hydrograph and triangular outflow hydrograph. It implies that detention volume calculation should discuss the combination of trapezoidal inflow hydrograph and triangular outflow hydrograph. Besides, the combination of triangular inflow/outflow hydrograph can reduce the peak flood rate and delay the peak flow arriving time. The combination of trapezoidal inflow hydrograph and triangular outflow hydrograph can mainly delay the peak flow arriving time.

並列關鍵字

Detention storage volume ； Short rainfall duration ； Long rainfall duration ； Detention efficiency

國際替代計量

滯洪容積與效率簡化計算模式

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