- 期刊
《水雲村稿》與《玉壺野史》「生旦」及相關字詞考
A Textual Research on the Homographs ＂生旦＂ in Shui Yun Cun Gao (水雲村稿) and Yu Hu Ye Shi (玉壺野史) and Several Related Archaisms
摘要
王季思先生注釋《西廂記》中的「正旦」腳色時，曾將戲文「生旦」腳色與北宋釋文瑩《玉壺野史》中所記韓熙載縱任家妓「與賓客生旦雜處」之史料互相為證。由於關及「生旦」腳色起源問題，《玉壺野史》「生旦」一詞的釋義問題為諸多學者所爭論。胡忌先生又發現元代劉壎《水雲村稿》一闋詞中亦有「生旦」一詞，並存於札記中；姚小鷗先生將其手稿發覆後對「生旦」腳色來源與生成問題作出了新的推論，此則進一步關涉南曲戲文「永嘉雜劇」成立時間之推定。本文通過文例比勘，考釋《水雲村稿》和《玉壺野史》中的「生旦」兩詞，指出《水雲村稿》中的「生旦」是「生日」的意思；《玉壺野史》中的「生旦」是「坐臥」二字形誤。筆者對學者在爭論中進一步旁及的《鄮峰真隱大曲》之「但兒」、《馬氏南唐書》與《禮記》之「猱雜」等詞語亦作疏考，指出「但兒」之「但」是表謙敬意義的發語詞；「猱雜」是同義複詞「擾雜」的俗字異體寫法，意即「混雜」，皆與戲文之腳色無關。
並列摘要
In the annotation to Xi Xiang Ji (西廂記) written by Wang Jisi (王季思), the word ＂Shengdan＂ (生旦), which means the young male and female protagonists in Chinese Southern Drama, was mistakenly considered as a synonym of another homograph ＂生旦＂ found in Yu Hu Ye Shi (玉壺野史). Since then, researchers has been arguing on the meaning of the word ＂生旦＂ in Yu Hu Ye Shi (玉壺野史). After Hu Ji (胡忌) found another homograph ＂生旦＂ in Shui Yun Cun Gao(水雲村稿) and made a similar mistake in his note, Yao Xiao'ou (姚小鷗) discovered his manuscript and put forward a new viewpoint about the history of roles in Chinese Southern Drama, based on their wrong word-association, further affecting scholars' presumption about the origin of Yongjia Drama, a historical stage of Chinese Southern Drama. Through methods of textual criticism, this paper corrects the interpretations of the words written as ＂生旦＂ in Yu Hu Ye Shi (玉壺野史) and Shui Yun Cun Gao (水雲村稿), pointing out that the former means ＂birthday＂ while the latter is a wrongly written word which should be corrected as ＂坐臥＂ . The related archaisms ＂Dan'er＂ (但兒) in Mao Feng Zhen Yin Da Qu (鄮峰真隱大曲) and ＂Rouza＂ (猱雜) in both Nan Tang Shu (南唐書) and Li Ji (禮記) are also reexplained through textual analysis.
參考文獻
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