生態願景與社會系統的「整體性」省思與重構－九○年代以來自然生態詩作的寫作特點

The Complete Feature of the Reflection and the Reconstruction between Ecological Prospect and Social System-The Writing Features about the Natural Ecology Poems since 1990

呂怡菁(Yi-Ching Lue)

《新竹教育大學人文社會學報》 4卷2期 (2011/09) Pp. 35-80

https://doi.org/10.29895/ATFSAS.201109.0002

摘要

本文旨在探究九○年代以來現代詩裡描寫自然或環境生態議題的「自然生態詩作」的寫作要點。綜合觀之，就寫作形式與特點而論，九○年代的自然生態詩其寫作特點有二：一是將自然生態問題與台灣的心靈、視域、社會、政治各稜面的現象作綜合性質的觀照省思。亦即將台灣的自然系統與社會系統之間的關聯和相互影響呈現出來，展現生態文化問題應具有的「整體性」特徵。二是島嶼時空與生態願景的描繪建構。即是將環境問題與島嶼的歷史、地理作連結，甚而與台灣周邊的國家地區做一綜合性的省視，因而在生態環境的書寫描摹中也映現出台灣時空地圖的另一番風情，甚而建構出島嶼生態脈動的生動影像。而就整體的文學性來看，九○年代的自然生態詩作更具有柔軟度與藝術渲染的特質，特別是「擬人化」的寫作手法以及兒童詩作的形態，一方面告訴讀者詩情與美學價必須源於自然，「童心」、「詩意」與「自然」儼然不可分割；另一方面透過更高的美感與藝術造境，詩人也帶出思考幅度上的寬度與廣度，使詩國裡的綠色意識與綠色精神皆能作更高度的發揮，可謂將自然保護深植於文化之中的具體呈現。

關鍵字

九○年代 ； 現代詩 ； 自然書寫 ； 自然生態詩

並列摘要

The theme of this report is to explore the writing features about natural and ecocline protection in the modern poems since 1990. To sum up, in respect of the writing form and features, the natural ecology poems have two characters since 1990. First, as regards the phenomena of mind, viewing field, society problem and political affairs in Taiwan, many poets review them with the ecological crisis. Lots of poems present the relationship and interaction between natural system and social structure, that unfold the complete feature of ecological balance. Secondly, many poets try to describe and reconstruct the space-time frame and ecological prospect of the island. Lots of poems connect the environmental disruption with the historical and geographical features of Taiwan, even connect it with the regions around Taiwan and make a comprehensive reflection upon them. Thus, these natural ecology poems present another space-time graphs of Taiwan and construct the vivid dynamic projection of ecological state about Taiwan. Since 1990, in respect of the literary feature, the ecological poems have more artistic features and become even more softer. In this respect, the writing skills of personification and childish style are particularly important. On the one hand, the above state tell readers that the poetic feeling and the aesthetic value must be learnt from the nature, and childish mind, poetic beauty and the nature can not be separated practically. On the other hand, these natural ecology poems also contribute the width and broadness of thinking extent by the high level of aesthetic and artistic state. Thus, the green ideology and mind in the domain of poetry may give full scope to creativity, and we may say that these natural ecology poems make a deep cultivation of the natural preservation in the culture.

並列關鍵字

The 1990s ； modern poem ； nature writing ； natural ecology poem

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