如何培養大學生的「學養」？－通識課「統一與分裂：歷史現象的分析」的課程設計與實踐

大學通識教育的歷史課，目標在於幫助學生開拓廣泛的視野、提升溝通協調技巧，以及發展出統整知識及其論述能力。本文以長庚大學核心通識「統一與分裂：歷史現象的分析」為例，說明課程內容設計的原則及觀念，是如何引導學生了解歷史學訓練的意義，培養學生的「學養」。特別重視學生透過寫作訓練，培養其完整性及系統性論述的能力，進而簡單表述個人對歷史發展的見解。課程內容設計建立在近世中國史的基礎，從王朝分合與版圖變化的發展，引導同學提出批判思考，並能運用歷史知識思考現代世界的諸多現象，延伸關注現今東亞國際情勢的變遷。

關鍵字

學養；統一與分裂；胡漢關係；征服王朝；東亞世界秩序

並列摘要

The main goal of general education for college students is to improve the humane quality, providing a first-level understanding of various disciplines and thinking in multiple fields. This article takes Core General Course, Unification V.S. Separation: Analysis of Historical Phenomenon, as an example to discusses how to integrate the liberal arts and social sciences in general. By demonstrating the design concepts and teaching activities of the curriculum with long-term cumulative observation and experience, this article advocate to cultivate college students' basic reading, writing and presentation skills, improving the quality of general education. The teaching of this course is mainly to develop the skill of ＂Academic Literacy＂ for college students, based on the theme of unity and division in Chinese history. The content of the course was design as an existing framework to get rid of dynastic history, allowing students to think about issues of cultural and social structure. There are three discussions in this course, which are divided into: The survival crisis of nomadic people and the construction of national organization; The description of the relationship between Hu(胡) and Han(漢) during the period of division from ancient times, middle ancient times to modem China; and national defense and military affairs in the Southern Song Dynasty, Politics, trade, society, economy and overseas trade. From the discussion of these topics, students are expected to understand Chinese history from a broader perspective and understand the situation of individuals and groups today.