A History of Māori Studies at the University of Auckland, New Zealand

在此篇文章筆者概述了毛利研究學程的源起歷史，討論了四位毛利族群研究教授所遺留下來的寶貴的歷史資產。大部份成就應歸功於首位毛利族群研究的教授Bruce Biggs，他至今仍在毛利研究學程內是語言及語言學的權威專家。第二任的主任是Hugh Kāwharu教授，他提高了毛利人在奧克蘭校區出現的情況，也在校園了建造了一個具有文化特色且安全的場地，可以讓毛利學生以及毛利族群人士聚在一起研究並學習毛利族群的世界。在Hugh Kāwharu教授的領導下，毛利族群研究學程的工作焦點，轉為滿足毛利族群社會的需求。第三任是Ranginui Walker教授，他將學程的內容從語言及人類學擴展到毛利觀點的政治研究、資源管理以及毛利人在羽毛、纖維、石頭以及木頭的工藝。Walker教授率領一個重要的行動就是點出關於毛族群族研究上大學結構制度以及講授課程的缺失。第四任是Ngapare Hopa教授，他歷經這個學系最困難的一段期間，就是毛利學生入學人數很明顯的下降，而這個現象也影響了其他紐西蘭設有毛利族群學程的大學。筆者自2001年開始接任此學程的主任，也重新將焦點擺在研究、出版以及毛利族群社會的充權。Hopa教授所遭遇到的困難在筆者接任後亦持續面臨，但最終獲得解決。政治學科以及研究課程的亦被擴充。最近也分別聘任了一位毛利族群發展以及一位毛利族群媒體研究的專家。至今系仍然很小，但是在相關毛利族群研究中，但仍然在研究與出版持續領先其他大學的毛利族群研究學系，並且很多畢業生不僅在各大學及政府部門任職，且在他們自己的族群內接任資深職務。筆者透過摘要毛利族群研究學程設置在「英式大學」的益處及缺點，作為本篇文章的結論。

關鍵字

毛利研究；奧克蘭大學；紐西蘭

並列摘要

In this article I will outline the history of the oldest Māori studies university programme, discussing the legacies left by the four Professors of Māori studies who preceded me as the heads of the programme. Much is owed to the inaugural Professor of Māori studies, Professor Bruce Biggs, and the strong language and linguistic base of the programme which remains to this day. He led the programme for more than 30 years but took early retirement as a stronger Māori-defined focus was being sought and Māori were rejecting stories about themselves told through the eyes of the coloniser.The second head was Professor Sir Hugh Kāwharu who provided a strong, highly visible and permanent Māori presence on the Auckland campus. During his time the university marae and the Māori studies academic wing were opened, providing Māori students and members of the Māori community with a culturally safe place for them to gather, study and learn about the Māori world in an otherwise alienating university environment. Under Sir Hugh the focus of the department's work shifted to addressing the needs of Māori communities.The third head was Professor Ranginui Walker who expanded the programme beyond its language and anthropological focus to include Māori aspects of political studies, resource management and feather, fibre, stone and wood technology. Professor Walker led a major initiative to address the shortcomings of the University's structures and teaching programmes in respect of Māori studies.The fourth head was Professor Ngapare Hopa who oversaw the department through a very difficult period as it struggled to cope with significant decreases in Māori enrolments that was affecting all university Māori programmes throughout the country.I took over the department in 2001 and returned the focus to research and publication, and empowering Māori communities. The difficulties experienced by Professor Hopa continued but were eventually resolved. The political studies aspects of the teaching and research programmes have been expanded. Recently a specialist in Māori development and another in Māori media studies were appointed.The department today is still small, but continues to have the leading research and publication record in Māori studies and an increasing number of graduates taking up very senior positions not only in universities and government sectors, but also amongst their own people. I conclude the presentation by summarising some of the benefits and drawbacks of Māori studies programmes in a British-styled university.

並列關鍵字

Māori studies ； University of Auckland ； New Zealand

參考文獻

Biggs, Bruce(1969).The Maori Language Past and Present.The Maori People in the Nineteen Sixties: A Symposium.(The Maori People in the Nineteen Sixties: A Symposium).:

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Hollyman, Jim,Pawley, Andrew(1981).Studies in Pacific Languages and Cultures: in honour of Bruce Biggs.(Studies in Pacific Languages and Cultures: in honour of Bruce Biggs).:

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Mutu, Margaret(2005).In Search of the Missing Māori Links - Maintaining both ethnic identity and linguistic integrity in the revitalization of the Māori language.International Journal of the Sociology of Language.172,117-32.