王船山之道器論

道器論乃船山哲學之本體論，此理論在其哲學體系中居於中心的地位。本文首先探討船山道器論之緣起，緊接著闡述道和器之概念。本文主要在闡述船山道器論的幾個中心命題，如「道在器中」、「天下惟器」、「器在道先」。對於與道器論相關的歷史觀，本文也予以簡要論述，認為此歷史觀之基本觀點為「依器求道」。最後，本文對船山的道器論予以綜合評述，闡明此理論在整個中國哲學的歷史地位。通過對船山道器論的論述，可以發現其理論是對宋明理學的一個反省，而其理論因素之來源，實可追溯到《周易》。

關鍵字

道；器；形而上；形而下；宋明理學

並列摘要

The ontology of Wang Chuan Shan's philosophy is the theory of Tao and Qi which is in central in his philosophy system. First, this article discusses origin of the theory of Tao and Qi, following closely elaborate the concept of Tao and Qi. Main part of this article is to elaborate several central propositions, such as ”0Tao lies in Qi”, ”there is only Qi in the world”, ”Qi is before Tao”. This article briefly elaborates conception of history relating to the theory of Tao and Qi. The basic concept of the conception of history is ”searching Tao by Qi”. Finally, this article makes a synthetically remark on the theory of Tao and Qi and elucidates the historical status of this theory in Chinese philosophy. By elaborating about this theory, this article points out that the theory has criticized Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism and its theory factor's origin, however, actually originated in ”the Book of Change”.