張載〈太和篇〉「太虛」與「氣」之關係的再檢討

A Re-examination of the Relation between ＂Great Void＂ and ＂Vital Force＂ in Zhang Zai's ＂Great Harmony＂

黃敏浩(Simon Man Ho Wong)

《嘉大中文學報》 11期 (2016/11) Pp. 105-129

摘要

張載〈正蒙〉的〈太和篇〉是了解其天道論的重要文獻。然而，對〈太和篇〉中兩個重要的觀念，即「太虛」與「氣」之關係的詮釋，歷來學者有不同的看法。本文歸納歷來學者對張載《正蒙．太和篇》中「太虛」與「氣」之關係的詮釋，認為主要有四種。本文對這四種解釋作一簡單的檢討，認為它們各有根據，但並不圓滿。本文嘗試提出一個綜合性的詮釋，認為〈太和篇〉中實含太虛與氣之「不離不雜」及「氣通上下」之融合之義，不敢說已把問題解決，只是提供參考，期望對這個專題的探討有一定的幫助。

關鍵字

張載 ； 〈正蒙〉 ； 〈太和篇〉 ； 太虛 ； 氣

並列摘要

Zhang Zai's ＂Great Harmony＂ in his ＂Correcting Youthful Ignorance＂ is a significant text to understand his theory of the Dao of Heaven. However, there have been different interpretations of the relation between the important concepts of ＂Great Void＂ and ＂Vital Force＂ in the text, which is crucial in understanding Zhang's theory. In this article, we re-examine four major interpretations of the relation between the two concepts, considering them as reasonable but not adequate in deciphering the original meaning of Zhang. The author proposes a synthetic interpretation, arguing that Zhang's original meaning embodies a synthesis of the meaning of ＂Great Void＂ and ＂Vital Force＂ being neither the same nor different and that of ＂Great Void＂ being a form of ＂Vital Force＂.

並列關鍵字

Zhang Zai ； ＂Correcting Youthful Ignorance＂ ； ＂Great Harmony＂ ； Great Void ； Vital Force