國小ADHD出現率、鑑定、藥物治療與教養措施之調查研究

The Study Related to Appearance Rates, Identification, Medical Care and Teaching Strategies for Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Elementary Schools

孟瑛如(Ying-Ru Meng) ； 謝瓊慧(Chiung-Hui Hsieh)

《特殊教育與輔助科技學報》 5期 (2012/11) Pp. 1-34

https://doi.org/10.6684/JRSEAT.201211.5.1

摘要

本研究以分層立意取樣的方式進行問卷調查研究，透過抽樣後取得25180位學生參與初篩，篩選出疑似及確診的ADHD學生，有效樣本之教師問卷有502份、學生475份、家長165份，研究結果如下：一、臺灣國小ADHD學生的出現率約為1~2%，男女比率9比1，確診學生中有57.6%被安置在普通班而未接受特殊教育或輔導服務。二、臺灣地區資源班設班率與縣市都市化程度有關，設班率最高及最低分別是臺北市（93.46%）及花蓮縣（13.08%）。三、國小ADHD學生有38.6%使用過藥物治療，確診學生有服藥者是未服藥者的三倍。國小一年級就開始用藥者佔33.8%為最多，且隨年級增長而逐年遞減。四、家長態度是學生接受藥物治療的關鍵。五、教師與家長間教養不一致，學生行為愈嚴重的家長教養策略做得愈少，教師則相反。

關鍵字

利他能 ； 注意力缺陷過動症 ； 專思達 ； 藥物治療 ； 出現率

並列摘要

The major purposes of this research were to investigate students with ADHD in elementary schools. The major findings were summarized as follows: There are 1%~2% students with ADHD out of regular students in Taiwan elementary schools, male to female ratio is 9:1. There are 57.6% students who diagnosed as ADHD have stayed in regular classes without special education or counseling services. The numbers of resource rooms connected to urbanization degree, the highest rate of resource room is in Taipei (93.46%), and Hualien (13.08%) is the least. There were 38.6% of students with ADHD who have taken medication. The students with ADHD who take medicines is three times than the student who didn't take medicine. Most of the students with ADHD start to take medications in Grade one (33.8%). The attitudes of parents are the key points that students with ADHD using medication or not. The differences are significant between teachers and parents in educated students with ADHD, when students with ADHD have more serious behavior, teachers use more teaching strategies but not parents. Educational implications were addressed in the paper.

並列關鍵字

ADHD ； Concerta ； medical care ； Ritalin ； appearance rate ； teaching strategies