- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Effects of Resistance Exercise Training and Protein Supplementation on Muscle Loss in the Elderly
摘要
Aging is an inevitable process for human beings, and it gradually makes physical fitness and organ functions decline. Senescent cells will secrete proinflammatory factors that accelerate organ aging, which result in the deteriorated quality and dysfunction of organs, and increase the risk of death. Mass muscle loss is a major feature in the aging process, as the stem cells in muscle cells will gradually decrease with age, which will reduce the repair rate of muscle cells and cause mass muscle loss. At this time, the body will begin to feel that muscle strength is not as good as before, and activity is greatly reduced, which further accelerates the speed of muscle loss, and even causes muscle atrophy. In addition, during the aging process, the hormone concentration in the body will change due to the decrease in the sensitivity of muscle cells to hormones. Over time, the proportion of body fat increases, which promotes insulin resistance, inhibits protein synthesis signals in muscles, disrupts the balance between synthesis and breakdown rates, and causes mass muscle loss. While resistance exercise training could increase physical activity, elevate cell sensitivity to hormones, and stimulate muscle synthesis, exercise could also cause muscle breakdown during the process of exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately supplement protein during the repair period after exercise for the muscle synthesis rate increase, and promote mass muscular development. Moreover, as aging reduces the body's metabolic rate, the speed of muscle repair is slower after exercise, thus, the quantity of protein needed by the elderly will be more than that of adults. This article reviews the benefits of resistance exercise and recommends protein supplements for improving muscle loss in the elderly.
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