藝術作品的媒介差異對男女情色知覺線索影響之研究：以眼動儀為測量工具

Sex Differences in Viewing the Influence of Different Media of Art on Perception of Erotic Cues: An Eye-Tracking Study in Men and Women

連芷平(Zhi-Ping Lian) ； 施俊名(Chun-Ming Shih)

《性學研究》 7卷1期 (2016/07) Pp. 95-116

https://doi.org/10.6206/SIS.2016.0701.04

摘要

圖像觀看的眼動研究是認知心理學及神經美學的重要研究領域，而對含有情色意涵的藝術作品的觀看過程即是一個認知處理過程，通過眼睛注視之行為而得到反映。本研究選擇5幅法國畫家Balthus的情色繪畫圖像，以及5幅日本攝影家原久路對Balthus作品的攝影仿作對17位男女受試者進行實驗，採用眼動儀記錄受試者的視覺軌跡與停留時間，並配合訪談法，探討不同媒介對知覺線索的影響，包括色藝術作品中，經過了色彩、筆觸及風格處理的繪畫，與真人演繹的攝影，究竟何者更具情色意涵？對藝術作品中情色意涵的不同呈現方式，受試者的觀看方式、視覺焦點以及凝視時間是否有所不同？研究結果發現：受試者認為攝影仿作相較於繪畫作品表現的更加真實，並透露出更多情色意涵；男女受試者對於繪畫作品與攝影仿作情色意涵的判讀，並未呈現明顯的差異；同性戀與異性戀受試者關注藝術作品中情色意涵的內容存有明顯差異。本研究提供了基礎的實徵證據，可以說明眼球追蹤技術能做為評估藝術作品的媒介差異對男女情色知覺線索影響之可行方法。

關鍵字

情色藝術 ； 眼球運動 ； 情色知覺線索 ； 神經美學

並列摘要

Eye movement in image viewing processing was an important research field of cognitive psychology and neuroaesthetics. Viewing process on the work of art containing erotic implications was also a cognitive process and reflected through the eyes. In this study, five erotic paintings from the French painter Balthus, as well as five photographs by the Japanese Photographer Hisaji Hara which re-enact the Balthus’ paintings were analyzed with the use of eye tracker recording the subject’s visual track and fixation time, supplemented with structured interviews, to explore the effect of different media of art on perception of erotic cues and what it means in men and women. 17 subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Results from hotspot analysis, interview analysis and statistical analysis showed that, the fixation time were significantly different between paintings and photographs. Participants perceived more erotic to photographs than to paintings. However, men and women in this study did not differ in their perception of how erotic they found from the paintings and photographs despite individual differences in their gaze patterns. A possible characteristic of gaze patterns to male and female in work of art that heterosexual and homosexual participants figured could be differentiated when viewing paintings and photographs. Homosexuals showed significantly greater attention in their gaze towards the same-sex individual than did heterosexuals. Our findings provide preliminary evidence for eyetracking as a potential method of assessing the influence of different media of art on perception of erotic cues in men and women.

並列關鍵字

Erotic Art ； Eye Movements ； Perception Of Erotic Cues ； Neuroaesthetics

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