臺灣近一甲子重大天然災害之回顧及探討－第二篇：推動氣象防災！祈求風調雨順！國泰民安！（1981～1990年）

A Retrospect and Discussion on Major Natural Disasters in Taiwan during 1951~2010-Part Ⅱ: Enhancing Meteorological Disaster Prevention to Promote Public Welfare (1981-1990)

陳正改(Joe C. K. Chen)

《中華防災學刊》 5卷2期 (2013/08) Pp. 137-162

摘要

台灣在六、七十年代之後，經濟起飛，國民生活水準大大地提升，於是政府陸續推動各項重大工程建設。在這段期間，各種天災（梅雨及颱風）和地變（地震）亦對正在推動的重大工程建設之施工及進出口貿易，甚至國家的總體經濟之發展，均造成相當大且嚴重的衝擊。於是中央政府責成相關部會積極推動氣象基礎建設、並結合洪水預警、水利工程、大地工程、土木結構、地震監測、社會經濟等各層面，開始執行跨領域的大型防災整合計畫。本文的第二篇係針對台灣於1981～1990年的十年期間，所遭遇十三個重大天然災害的案例詳細回顧，並對當時的應變處置及積極作為予以探討，藉此就教防災界的先進們和傳承後進，同時與從事災害防救業務的所有師長和同仁們分享經驗及提供參考。

關鍵字

梅雨 ； 颱風 ； 地震 ； 天然災害 ； 大型防災整合計畫 ； 氣象基礎建設 ； 洪水預警 ； 水利工程 ； 大地工程 ； 地震監測 ； 社會經濟

並列摘要

In the period of 1980s, the nation's economy had been greatly improved which spurred a series of major public construction works being intensively carried out. However, as impacts and losses brought from natural disasters such as Mei-Yu, typhoons, and earthquakes, appeared increasingly significant and posed a serious threat on the national economic development, a number of inter-sectoral, disaster-prevention-oriented integrated projects, a synergy by the field of hydrology, civil engineering, seismology, socio-economy, etc., had therefore been initiated by the Central government since then, which aimed to enhance the support for the operational infrastructure of national disaster prevention efforts. In the second part of this paper, we mainly focus on the 13 natural disastrous events during 1981-1990 and the corresponding official response in expectation of exchange and interactions of thoughts and experience with all the veterans and fellow workers of this field.

並列關鍵字

Mei-Yu ； typhoon ； earthquake ； natural disaster ； disaster-prevention-oriented integrated projects ； operational meteorological infrastructure ； flood early warning ； hydraulic engineering ； geotechnical engineering ； earthquake monitoring ； socio-economy