運用家戶震災預防行為與意願模型擬定風險溝通策略

Using the Earthquake Preparedness Behavior and Mitigation Intention Models to Set the Risk Communication Strategy

郭彥廉(Yen-Lien Kuo) ； 林彥伶(Yen-Lin Lin) ； 蕭代基(Dai-gee Shaw)

《中華防災學刊》 7卷1期 (2015/02) Pp. 73-80

摘要

本研究分析台灣民眾的地震災害預防行為及意願之影響因素。家戶震災整備行為包括備有滅火器、知道避難路線等共十項，分析結果顯示保護回應效能、備災知識、地震損失經驗及年齡會顯著增加災害預防行為。住宅耐震評估的意願則受到耐震評估的保護回應效能、自我效能、願意自費耐震補強、整體減災意願、地震對生命財產的威脅及年齡顯著影響。投保擴大地震險意願模型，則僅整體災害預防意願及保險本身的特徵顯著。這些研究結果顯示，未來推廣住宅地震減災應以年輕人、老舊建物較多、較少震災經驗的地區為對象，多介紹震災預防措施的效果及強調地震對生命的威脅。在地震保險方面，因投保意願與風險知覺、所得無顯著關係，恐須考慮強制更多住戶納保。

關鍵字

災害預防 ； 地震保險 ； 效能 ； 風險知覺

並列摘要

This paper illustrates using significant determinants of the earthquake preparedness behavior and the mitigation intention models to set the risk communication strategy. The results show that the response efficacy of preparedness, the knowledge of preparedness, the loss experience and the age of respondent could significantly increase the preparedness behaviors. The respondents who regard the evaluation has higher response efficacy, self-efficacy, willing to pay for seismic retrofitting, the attitude to mitigate earthquake risk and the age are significantly more willing to have seismic evaluation. Only the attitude to mitigation earthquake risk and the characteristics of insurance can significantly increase the willingness of buying earthquake insurance. These results show that the residents who are younger, live in older buildings and having less earthquake experience should be the target groups for earthquake risk communication. The effectiveness of earthquake preparedness and mitigations should be emphasized in risk communication.

並列關鍵字

mitigation ； earthquake insurance ； efficacy ； risk perception