透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.226.96.37
  • 期刊

基於語料庫之近義詞辨析—以漢語動詞「建立、成立」為例

A Corpus-based Analysis of Near-Synonyms of Mandarin Verbs-Jianli and Chengli as Examples

摘要


「建立」與「成立」這組近義詞就母語者的語感而言,並沒有明顯的語義差別或區分依據,如:樂迷為他{建立/成立}了網站。這易使尚未建立語感的漢語學習者採取學習上的迴避策略,或依自我的語義側重點,混用兩詞於語境相似的句型中,如:讓我們幫助子女{建立/*成立}自信心、法官認為被告二人被控罪名 {*建立/成立},從而形成語表上的偏誤。本文透過中央研究院中文詞彙特性速描系統(Chinese Word S ketch)觀察「建立、成立」的使用範圍及側重點、句法功能分布、詞彙搭配限制,嘗試由詞項前後的共現成分歸納出三點足以辨析兩詞的基本語意特徵:過程可否連續[±CONTINUOUS]、行動是否積極[±ACTIVE]、動詞有無結合性[±COMBINING],最後以「動詞語意表達模式」(MARVS)理論檢視兩詞,提供相關研究一個更系統化的近義動詞辨識方法。

關鍵字

建立 成立 近義詞 詞彙語意特徵 語料庫

並列摘要


Synonyms are usually hard to distinguish even for native speakers, such as ”jiànlì” and ”chénglì”. Take the following three sentences for examples, ”yuèmí wèi tā {jiànlì /chénglì} le wăngzhàn”, ”ràng wŏmen bāngzhu zĭnu {jianli/*chengli} zixinxln5^ and ''faguaii renwei beigao er ren beikong zuiming {* jiànlì/chénglì}”. They would cause Mandarin learners to avoid using or to misuse ”jiànlì” and ”chénglì ”. The aim of the study was to distinguish between the two synonyms. We analyzed the usages and functions of ”jiànlì” and ”chénglì” from Chinese Word Sketch. Results indicated the differences between their semantic features, such as [±CONTINUOUS], [±ACTIVE] and [±COMBINING]. Also, the ”The Module-Attribute Representation of Verbal Semantics” (MARVS) was used to examine the two words. The study would provide a systematic way to distinguish the synonyms.

延伸閱讀