覺性的追尋－《紅樓夢》敘事的意義建構與療癒

In Search of Mindfulness-The Configuration and Healing of the Meaning of the Narration in ＂Dream of the Red Chamber＂

林素玟(Su-Wen Lin)

《東華中文學報》 5期 (2012/12) Pp. 29-61

https://doi.org/10.7000/NJCLL.201212.0029

摘要

本文從文學治療學的角度，以敘事治療為緯，展開《紅樓》論述之架構；以意義治療為經，深化《紅樓》論述之內容。透過意義治療的三種理論假設：意志自由、意義意志、生命意義之比對，來觀照《紅樓夢》敘事中，對覺性意義的建構歷程。對於生命給予的無情扣問《紅樓夢》作者分別從儒、道、釋三方面，加以回應。在《紅樓夢》敘事中，作者認同儒家「明明德」的覺知意義，嚮往仙道「好」「了」的覺醒經驗，回歸佛教「色空不二」的覺悟境界。經由覺性意義的追尋，使作者面對晚年苦難的命運，體現了不執著、不當真的態度價值；復藉由小說的敘事，作者完成了自我療癒的歷程，使得悲劇小性質的小說《紅樓夢》成為激勵人心的不朽巨構。

關鍵字

紅樓夢 ； 敘事治療 ； 意義治療 ； 文學治療學

並列摘要

This paper discusses the possibility for the development of Buddhism ＂from Ge-I (isogesis) to Prajña (the highest wisdom of Buddhism)＂. It employs the linguistic methodology to analyze the key words used in Indian (Sanskrit) and their corresponding translation in Chinese .Under the analysis of basic linguistic triangular relationship, the inaccurate structure of the language implication and translation was exposed. The philosophers of the Tsin Dynasty who declared their explanatory comments of the Prajña sutra (Bo-re Ching) were called ＂ liu jia qi zong＂(six sects seven models-six sects comprise seven models of Buddhism Interpretation) compared the Buddhism concepts ＂k'ung (Sunyata, Emptiness 空)＂ with the Chinese metaphysical concept -＂wu (nothingness,無)＂, and tried to deliberate how this particular Buddhist philosophy could correspond to Chinese thoughts ' Due to the language limitation in translation, the project was not successful. Til1 the Buddhist monk Zhao (Seng-Zhao) issued the ＂Zhao Lun＂ (The theory of indescribable Prajña) the meaning of Emptiness of Madhyamika Buddhism was then straightened out. The most important is the realization (and learning) of the new concept of Emptiness from India which was never a part in Chinese culture. After the phase of ＂Iiu jia qi zong＂, Chinese philosophers had developed the understanding of the Indian Buddhist teachings and doctrines, and chose a different thinking style from India Buddhism. It was the development of the early Chinese Buddhism which was a transformation from the original India Buddhism.

並列關鍵字

Ge-I(isogesis) ； Prajña ； Sunyata ； Emptiness ； liu jia qi zong