銀髮族休閒運動參與動機與幸福感之研究

A Study of the Participation Motivation and Well-being of Elderly Leisure Sport

郭芳坤(Fang-Kun Kuo)

《運動健康休閒學報》 6期 (2015/04) Pp. 107-121

摘要

本研究目的在探討銀髮族參與休閒運動參與動機與幸福感之模式，並根據參動機的三項要素與幸福感的三個面向之理論建構本研究架構。方法：本研究以問卷調查法，針對淡水地區65歲以上樂齡族群之休閒運動銀髮族進行調查，以立意抽樣方式進行問卷調查，問卷共發放400份，有效問卷共342份，回收率95.5%。資料分析方法敘述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變數分析、相關分析及迴歸分析歸納出結論與建議。結果：一、銀髮族參與休閒運動者之男性多於女性，65－70歲的銀髮族居多，學歷以小學者居多，婚姻狀況以已婚者居多。二、參與動機是以性別皆達到顯著水準，而在年齡65歲～70歲與71歲～75歲的銀髮族高於76歲～80歲；在婚姻狀況「皆達到顯著水準；在教育程度方面皆在未達顯著性差異。三、在幸福感以性別「生活滿意」達顯著性差異，在「正面情感」未達顯著性差異；而在年齡在「生活滿意」顯著性差異，在「正面情感」未達顯著性差異；在婚姻狀況「正面情感」於達顯著性差異；在「生活滿意」未達顯著性差異；在教育程度方面「正面情感」於達顯著性差異，「生活滿意」在無明顯差異存在。四、銀髮族在休閒運動之「參與動機」與「幸福感」呈現顯著低度正向關係。五、參與動機對幸福感有顯著預測力。結論：本研究結果將可提供政府單位應該積極推廣銀髮族的休閒運動計畫，不但可以讓銀髮族彼此交到朋友、透過休閒運動促進身心健康，讓台灣的銀髮族是退休後就能過著快樂的生活，促使國內終身教育與樂齡教育的休閒運動領域研究一個研究方向。

關鍵字

銀髮族 ； 休閒運動 ； 參與動機 ； 幸福感

並列摘要

The objective of this study aims to explore the elements for participation motivation and well-being of elderly leisure sport. The framework of the study bases on the theory about three elements of participation motivation and three elements of the well-being. The survey tool will be questionnaire and the data will collect from learners elder than 65 years old for leisure and sport at Tamsui Area. The formal survey was returned by purposive sampling. Then, the data was analyzed by descriptive statistic, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), t-test, one-way variants analysis (ANOVA), correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis to analyze. In accordance with the results indicated: 1. Elderly who participate in leisure sport of men than women. 65-70 years old are most. Education to the majority of those countries, the majority of marital status to married. 2. Motivation based on gender were significant levels in the aged 65 to 70 years old and 71-year-old to 75-year-old elderly above 76 years to 80 years, marry status were to achieve the level of significance, in educational no significant differences. 3. the sense of happiness to life satisfaction ＂reached significant difference in the＂ positive emotion ＂ was not a significant difference, in＂ life satisfaction ＂significant differences in age, in the＂ positive emotion was not a significant difference, marry status ＂positive emotion＂ significant differences; in ＂life satisfaction＂ not significant differences, the educational attainment significant differences attainment, ＂positive emotions＂, ＂life satisfaction＂ in no significant difference exists. 4. the elderly in leisure sport ＂participation motivation＂ and ＂well-being＂ presents a significant low positive relationship,. 5. Involved in motivation significant prediction of the well-being. Conclusion: The government should actively promote the unit's leisure sport program for elderly, the elderly can not only make friends with each other, to promote health through leisure sport, so that Taiwan is are tired the elderly can live a happy life, no longer feel lonely.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； leisure sport ； motivation ； well-being