103年度市售食品中真菌毒素含量監測與背景調查

Surveying Mycotoxin Contamination in Commercial Foods: Taiwan, 2014

陳銘在(Ming-Tzai Chen) ； 方雅玄(Ya-Hsuan Fang) ； 許元馨(Yuan-Hsin Hsu) ； 王慈穗(Tzu-Sui Wang) ； 王貞懿(Jan-Yi Wang) ； 王德原(Der-Yuan Wang) ； 馮潤蘭(Ruenn-Lan Feng)

《食品藥物研究年報》 6期 (2015/12) Pp. 132-141

摘要

為降低民眾經食物攝入真菌毒素之風險，103年衛生福利部食品藥物管理署與各衛生局聯手進行市售食品監測，依公告方法檢驗黃麴毒素、赭麴毒素A、脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇、玉米赤黴毒素、T-2毒素、伏馬毒素、黃麴毒素M1、棒麴毒素及橘黴素等真菌毒素，依現行食品中真菌毒素限量標準判定。本計畫共抽樣461件，有449件符合規定(97.4%)，有12件(2.6%)不符規定。於125件花生製品中有6件黃麴毒素污染量超出限量標準(4.8%)，98件紅麴食品中有6件橘黴素污染量超出限量標準(6.1%)，顯示花生製品與紅麴食品仍是較高風險食品。於調查研究中發現2件含黃麴毒素不符規定花生粉中也同時污染赭麴毒素A 28.0 ppb與20.7 ppb，惟國際間尚未訂有花生中赭麴毒素A限量標準；於薏仁20件發現有16件(80%)檢出黃麴毒素、玉米赤黴毒素或伏馬毒素，有6件為2種毒素共同污染，其中3件薏仁檢出玉米赤黴毒素污染量超出歐盟之穀物中玉米赤黴毒素限量(100 ppb)。監測結果已通知地方衛生局，不符規定之產品，均已下架回收並移出食物鏈，違規業者依法處辦，並於邊境加強進口不合格產品業者管制，調查結果提供衛生機關評估制訂花生中赭麴毒素A、穀物中玉米赤黴毒素與伏馬毒素限量。

關鍵字

食品 ； 真菌毒素 ； 監測

並列摘要

In order to survey the mycotoxin contamination in commercial foods in Taiwan, a total of 461 samples from supermarkets and grocery stores located in 22 counties of Taiwan were collected from March to October of 2014. The samples were analyzed for aflatoxins, aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, patulin, citrinin and multitoxins by the methods promulgated by Ministry of Health and Welfare. Among them, 449 samples (97.4%) complied with the regulation set by the TFDA. Of the twelve non-compliant samples, aflatoxins were found in 3 peanut candy products, 2 peanut powder products and 1 whole peanut product. All had exceeded maximum level (ML), 15 ppb for peanut. 6 red yeast rice (RYR) samples contained citrinin above the ML of 5 ppm. In the study, 88 samples were analyzed for multi-toxins. Cooccurrence of AFs and OTA were found in 5 (71.4%) samples of peanut powder. Two of them were contaminated with OTA at levels above the ML set for coffee. There was no OTA ML set for peanut products all over the world. AFs, ZEN and FBs were detected in 5 (20%), 12 (60%) and 6 (30%) samples of coix seed respectively. Three coix seed samples (15%) were contaminated with levels of ZEN that exceeded the ML (100 ppb) of ZEN set for unprocessed cereals. The results of this study had been sent to the local government and authorities in boundary control to remove the substandard products from markets, enforce penalties to the suppliers who violated these regulations and strengthen regulation on imported peanut products, and RYR raw materials. The results provided food safety authorities with a scientific basis for evaluating the MLs setting for OTA in peanut, as well as ZEN and FBs in coix seed.

並列關鍵字

mycotoxins ； food ； survey