臺灣在地化社區營造與文化創意產業發展分析

臺灣社會在經過全球化(Globalization)的改變後，人們開始追求精神交流及心靈充實，過去以經濟發展為重的生活方式已漸讓人感到失落，反而懷念起往日以鄰里、宗親、同庄或同姓所聯繫的社區(Community)型態，繼而造就臺灣社區總體營造(Community Building)運動興起的契機，也喚起創造新地方文化產業的力量。然而，已經失去的凝聚力與地方文化要再找回實在不易，如何創造或創新在地化文化產業(Local Cultural Industry)的實踐已成為十分重要的事。社區地方文化產業若未有其特殊性與創意，社區則易被外來商業行為而破壞，甚至造成原有住民的離開，變成充斥外來投資客的商圈。故在地化文化創意產業並非仿效即可，居民在社區在地化文化圈裡的角色，也該更積極建立起自己社區文化特色，雖同樣是以聚集產業引入經濟及商業活動，在自主社區的基礎中，則會有著不同實踐意義。缺少社區的基礎下，就易隨著政經社會的變遷而頹敗，在地文化也易被仿效或替代。本文擬分析臺灣社區營造政策的發展及文化創意產業（Cultural and Creative Industry）論述轉變的過程，並對臺灣實踐文化創意產業的方法提出建議。

關鍵字

全球化；社區；社區總體營造；在地化文化產業；文化創業產業

並列摘要

Under the influence of globalization, people started to pursue spiritual exchange and spiritual enrichment in Taiwan society. Lifestyle focusing on economic development has gradually made people feel depressed. In contrast, people miss the old days with past community patterns, such as same family, kin, clan, or hometown associations. Therefore, it created the opportunity of community building movement and the empowerment of new local cultural industries in Taiwan. However, it is not easy to regain cohesion in local culture. And how to create or innovate local cultural industries has become a very important topic . If local cultural industries in a community don’t have their own features, which will be vulnerable to foreign business practices. And such situation even leads to the leave of original inhabitants and makes the community become business district which is full of foreign investors. So, a local cultural industry doesn’t only mean imitating others, but also implies that residents in the role of local cultural sphere establish their own cultural features in their community. Although the purpose of gathering industries, which introduce economic and commercial activities into the community, is the same, it will have different practical significance. Owing to the lack of basis of a community, it is common that a community declines with the change of political and economic society , and the local culture is also susceptible to be imitated or substituted. This paper analyzes the development of Taiwan’s community-building policies,states the transformation of cultural and creative industries, and makes some suggestions towards the practice of cultural and creative industries in Taiwan.