大法官應遵守國際人權公約

Justices should abide by International Human Rights Treaties

郭銘禮(Ming-li Kuo)

《台灣人權學刊》 4卷3期 (2018/06) Pp. 117-125

摘要

大法官作為憲法基本權利的守護者，應該要了解並遵守屬於國內法的國際人權公約所課予國家的保護、尊重與落實人權的義務，在釋憲理由書中適當正確地引用國際人權公約即為明證。雖然台灣的政府高階首長普遍不重視國際人權公約，但司法院長可以做個好榜樣，親自參與國際人權公約的審查會議、詳細閱讀影子報告、督導及落實國際人權專家所做出的各項結論性意見。而且政府應該以國際人權公約的價值作為施政主軸，對內可以保障提升人權，對外可以做為國際合作與連結的基礎。國際人權公約若要在國內落實，更應該加強培養人力與開發資料庫，監察院應該負起監督政府落實結論性意見的責任。

關鍵字

大法官 ； 法官 ； 釋字第752號 ； 結論性意見 ； 公民與政治權利國際公約 ； 經濟社會文化權利公約 ； 消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約 ； 身心障礙者權利公約

並列摘要

As the protector of Constitutional basic human rights, Justices should abide by international treaties that impose on states the obligations to protect, respect, and fulfill human rights. To correctly and properly apply the international human rights treaties in the reasoning of the interpretation is an important demonstration. Although the top political leaders universally do not take international human rights seriously, the President of Judicial Yuan can nevertheless be a good example. He can personally participate in the review meeting of the international human rights treaties, read carefully the shadow reports、supervise the implementation of the concluding observations submitted by the international experts. The government should invest heavily on the cultivation of talents and the development of database. The Control Yuan should be responsible for the supervision of government's implementation of the concluding observations.

並列關鍵字

Justice ； judge ； Interpretation No. 752 ； concluding observations ； International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ； International Covenant on Economic ； Social and Cultural Rights ； Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ； Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities