中高齡者從事規律運動行為意向之研究

從事規律運動不但可促進身體健康，也可降低罹患焦慮症與憂鬱症的風險，然而中高齡者大都沒有從事規律運動的習慣，為了解中高齡者從事規律運動的行為意向，本研究以計畫行為理論為基礎，增加環境滿意度與親社會性格兩個構念，建立其從事規律運動行為意向之研究架構，並探討影響中高齡者從事規律運動的因素。本研究以南投縣50歲以上從事規律運動的中高齡者為研究對象，透過問卷調查法，進行研究模式適配度的驗證與分析。本研究發現「態度」、「知覺行為控制」、「環境滿意度」會正向影響中高齡者從事規律運動的行為意向，其中以環境滿意度的影響效果最高；而「親社會性格」對中高齡者從事規律運動的態度有正向影響；整體研究模型對中高齡者從事規律運動行為意向的解釋力達41%。政府相關單位應加強提倡中高齡者從事規律運動的益處，並積極打造優質的運動環境，以提升中高齡者從事規律運動之意向，達到健康促進與活躍老化之目標。

關鍵字

環境滿意度；親社會性格；計畫行為理論

並列摘要

Regular exercise not only can promote physical health but also can reduce the risk of anxiety disorder and depression. Most middle-aged and elderly people do not have habits of regular exercises. The aim of the study is to build the research framework based on the theory of planned behavior, environmental satisfaction and prosocial personality and to investigate how these constructs affect the behavioral intention of middle-aged and elderly people toward regular exercises. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect a sample of the participants aged 50 and over living in Nantou County. The goodness-of-fit of the resulting model was also evaluated. Our results showed that attitude, perceived behavioral control and environmental satisfaction positively affect the behavioral intention of regular exercises. The environmental satisfaction is highest factor influencing the attitude and the prosocial personality significantly affects the attitude towards regular exercises. Furthermore, the overall explanatory power of the research model reaches 41%. Based on the finding, the government should promote regular exercise among the elderly people and also create a high quality of exercise environment to enhance their intention for the goal of health promotion and successful aging.