運動員睡眠品質對生理功能及運動表現之探討

Study of Sleep Quality in Athletes on the Physiological Functions and Sport Performance

陳俐蓉(Li-Jung Chen) ； 洪寶蓮(Bao-Lien Hung) ； 方世華(Shih-Hua Fang)

《國立臺灣體育運動大學學報》 5卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.3966/2226535X2016060502001

摘要

高強度運動訓練之後，如何促進身體的復原以提昇選手的運動能力是競技運動最重要的議題之一。睡眠被認為與大腦的學習、認知、肌肉疲勞的恢復、免疫及內分泌系統功能的恢復等有密切的相關性，而此些生理功能正是影響運動員表現的關鍵。對運動員而言，可能因長時間、高強度的運動訓練，導致肌肉損傷與疼痛而降低睡眠品質，進而影響運動員的運動表現，因此，好的睡眠品質對於優秀運動員相當重要。本文利用近年對睡眠品質的研究結果說明睡眠品質不佳對運動員可能產生的影響，包括運動表現、對疼痛之反應、免疫細胞數目與功能、細胞激素及內分泌系統的影響。藉由了解運動員睡眠品質與各生理功能之相關性，應進一步探討優秀運動員睡眠之質與量以及睡眠管理的方法，這些都是未來值得深入研究的課題。

關鍵字

睡眠 ； 免疫功能 ； 內分泌系統 ； 過度訓練 ； 運動能力

並列摘要

How to speed up the physical recovery for enhancing the athletes' sport performance after a high-intensity training is one of the most important issues in sport science. Sleep quality is well associated with the recovery of numerous physiological functions such as learning and recognition of brain, recovery of muscle fatigue, immune and endocrine systems, which are the key factors determining the sport performance of athletes. Long-term and high-intensity training might cause muscle injury and pain, which would deteriorate the quality of sleep, and result in poor sport performance for athletes. Therefore, a good sleep quality is very important for the elite athletes. Based on the recent studies in sleep quality, this article demonstrated the effects of poor sleep quality on sport performance, pain response, numbers and functions of immune cells, cytokines and endocrine system. Through understanding the relationships between sleep quality and various of physiological functions, further evaluation on the sleep quality and quantity, and the sleep management in the elite athletes are worthy of more investigations.

並列關鍵字

Sleep ； Immune function ； Endocrine system ； Overtraining ； Sport ability

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