水域防溺暨救溺執行成效關鍵因子分析

近年來，受水域遊憩溺水事件頻傳之影響，內政部消防署已積極辦理防救溺宣導及相關水域救援能量提升工作。然而，在消防署推動「水域救援能力實施計畫」同時，如何從水域防溺暨救溺推動工作項目歸納執行成效關鍵因子，實為本研究關鍵課題。本文蒐集歷年溺水通報資料及應變處置作為，利用層級分析法分析水域防溺暨救溺執行成效關鍵因子之權重。研究發現教育民眾提升其自救能力為救溺執行成效之首要關鍵，其次為水域安全知識宣導，前兩項重要因子均與平時防災教育有關，屬於落實防溺措施工作。然而，各縣市加強水域救援作為項目中，防災教育主要著重水域安全知識宣導，因此如何執行民眾自救能力提升，應為未來各縣市防救溺工作必須思考之重點。

關鍵字

水域遊憩；防溺；救溺；層級分析法

並列摘要

Recently National Fire Agency (NFA), Minister of Interior in Taiwan is making their efforts to strengthen the capability of prevention as well as rescue from drowning due to the frequent drowning accidents. Based on the strategy of NFA, this paper listed the critical factors, which were derived from the historical drowning cases, to effectiveness of prevention as well as rescue from drowning in waters. Then, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to the weight determination of the critical factors, and the result indicates that popular education for self-rescue from drowning and knowledge propagation of being safe in waters are the first two important factors, which are highly related to disaster precaution education. However, by reviewing the efforts of the local governments in Taiwan for prevention as well as rescue from drowning, we found that most of the local governments focused on knowledge propagation of being safe in waters but neglected popular education for self-rescue from drowning. Thus, an effective implementation for the popular education will be necessary in the further disaster precaution works.