國小學童運動參與程度、睡眠品質與體適能之關係

本研究，旨在探討國小學童運動參與程度、睡眠品質與體適能之關係。以「國小高年級學童運動參與程度、匹茲堡睡眠品質量表、學童健康體適能」為研究工具。以桃園縣新屋鄉國小高年級學童為研究對象，共發出500份問卷，有效問卷477份，有效問卷率95%。回收問卷資料以統計套裝軟體SPSS18.0中文版執行，以皮爾森積差、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法找出變項之間的關係，再以階層多元迴歸分析運動參與程度對體適能的預測解釋力，並以學童睡眠品質作為干擾變項的預測情形，顯著水準定為α=.05。結果發現：一、國小學童運動參與程度個構面對體適能個構面關係，運動頻率與體適能中之立定跳遠、仰臥起坐、心肺適能呈現低度相關；運動時間與體適能中立定跳遠、仰臥起坐呈現低度相關；運動強度與體適能中立定跳遠、仰臥起坐、心肺適能呈現低度相關。運動參與時間越長體適能中之立定跳遠越佳，也就是說學童運動參與程度之參與時間越長對體適能之立定跳遠具有正向的影響力。運動參與頻率越高體適能中之仰臥起坐越佳，也就是說學童運動參與程度之參與頻率對體適能之立定跳遠具有正向的影響力。二、睡眠品質在運動參與程度與體適能間之干擾情形，運動參與程度對體適能仰臥起坐的預測力達顯著水準，可見運動參與程度愈佳，其體適能中仰臥起坐愈。體適能中仰臥起坐受到運動參與程度乘以睡眠品質交互作用的干擾影響。

關鍵字

運動參與程度；睡眠品質；體適能

並列摘要

This research was purposed to explore the relationship among sports involvement extents, sleep quality and fitness in elementary school children. The sports involvement extents of elementary school seniors, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and school children’s health fitness were served as researching tools. The senior students of the elementary schools on the Xinwu Township of Taoyuan County were recruited to act as experimental subjects. Totally 500 questionnaires were delivered and 477 valid replies were received and rated at 95%. The data of questionnaire replies were further statistically analyzed by the Chinese Version SPSS18.0 to locate the correlation by means of Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis. Furthermore, the Multiple Hierarchical Regression Analysis was used to analyze the predictive explanatory power to fitness caused by sports involvement extents. Additionally, under the predictive situations with school children's sleep quality to serve as disturbance variables, the significance level was rated at α=.05. In view of research results, some facts were found and described as below. 1. In view of the dimensional relationship between the sports involvement extents and fitness among school children, the frequencies of sports involvement were lowly correlated to the fitness of standing long jump, sit-ups and cardio function; sports durations were lowly correlated to the fitness of standing long jump and sit-ups; sports intensity was lowly correlated to standing long jump, sit-ups and cardio function. Longer sports involvement durations ensured better fitness of standing long jump. Namely, students' stronger sports involvement and longer involvement durations wielded positive influence on the fitness of standing long jump. Higher frequencies of sports involvement ensured better performance in the fitness of sit-ups. Namely, school children's frequencies for sports involvement wielded positive influence on the fitness of standing long jump. 2. In view of the disturbance caused by sleep quality to sports involvement and fitness, the predictive power to the fitness of sit-ups caused by sports involvement extents reached a level of significance. It could be clearly seen stronger sports involvement extents ensured better performance in the fitness of sit-ups. In fitness, sit-ups were affected by the disturbance interactively caused by sports involvement extents and sleep quality.