The effect of exercise, omega-3 fatty acids consumption or combination on executive function in older adults-a review

運動或攝取omega-3脂肪酸及相結合對老年人認知執行功能的影響－文獻回顧

林芸婷(Yun-Ting Lin)

《中原體育學報》 16期 (2021/07) Pp. 33-41

https://doi.org/10.6646/CYPEJ.202107_(16).0004

摘要

Advancing technology and medical techniques lead the increase in life expectancy, the ＂healthy aging＂ concept to promote better quality of life became the core value in the generation. Much more attention is therefore driven to medical health care for the elderly. Aging is a progressive decline in ability of body functioning, which may lead to health-related diseases such as dementia, which has risen the awareness for profound health implications recently. Specifically, executive cognition impairments are one of the major indictors for dementia. Mostly advocated interventions are dietary supplementation, exercise training and/or physical activity. Supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids became the spotlight in the recent years, proposing positive effects on executive performances through improve brain functioning and neuro connections, facilitate daily task processing, memory and attention; on the other hand, exercise training and physical activity both enhance functional body structure, such as balance, strength and flexibility. Exercise also improve brain health to motivate active lifestyle changes, making the elderly be more confident on better body image. The benefits of omega-3 supplementation and exercise training and physical activity both promote better quality of life, supposing a healthy aging living. This review aims to elucidate the isolated effect and interaction between exercise training and/or physical activity with omega-3 supplementation as strategies to improve executive functions in elder adults, and provides applicably impractical suggestions on better lifestyle for healthy aging.

關鍵字

Exercise Intervention ； Dietary Intervention ； Executive Cognition ； Healthy Aging

並列摘要

隨著科技與醫療技術的快速發展，預期壽命逐漸延長，「健康老化」的核心觀念成為高齡世代的宗旨之一，也使得老年人的健康醫護受到更多的重視。高齡者的人口數量飆升，老化是身體功能逐漸衰退的過程，容易促發許多疾病，以失智症最備受探討。而認知執行功能損害是失智症主要的指標之一，而飲食補充品、運動訓練與身體活動，都能有效率的預防失智症。近年來，已有許多研究聚焦於補充 omega-3脂肪酸對大腦健康的益處，尤其支持補充omega-3脂肪酸，可建立大腦的神經連結，對於任務處理、記憶力與專注力等認知執行功能有正向效益。再者，運動訓練與身體活動皆可增強身體的結構功能性，如平衡能力、力量與柔軟度等；運動也能促進大腦的健康，包含維持動態的生活型態、較有自信的身體形象。補充 omega-3與運動訓練或身體活動等，都可以提升生活品質，使高齡者能夠健康老化。本文獻回顧意在闡述運動訓練與身體活動、補充 omega-3脂肪酸與其二者結合之策略，優化老年人的執行功能，並為健康老化的生活之道提供可行的建議。

並列關鍵字

運動介入 ； 飲食介入 ； 認知執行功能 ； 健康老化

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