金門博士產出之比較性研究

金門擁有「海濱鄒魯」美譽之稱，無論是開台進士或開澎進士，祖籍都源自金門。在地方上從事金門進士的研究者眾多，博士的研究卻寥寥無幾。無論進士或博士都可光耀門楣、宗祠晉匾，虔誠感懷祖德福蔭，深具沿海閩南傳統文化特色。本文採用貝瑞岱比較教育研究法，針對金門博士畢業生在時間、學籍、聚落、鄉鎮、性別與學科上產生變化？從事比較性研究。研究發現：首先在「時間」比較研究發現將60年分成五個級距後，有八個年份金門未產出博士，且年代越早，取得博士學位困難度越高，人數較少，反而年代越晚，學位取得相對容易，人數較多；次則「學籍」的研究，發現國內學籍學校佔58.86％、國外佔41.13％，又國內20所公立學校221人佔82.15％，以台灣大學56位最多，國外學校學籍中在61所美洲大學計113人佔60.63％，以密西根大學、紐約大學、普渡大學及加州大學柏克萊分校5位最多；在「聚落」研究發現六個鄉鎮170個聚落中452位博士畢業生分佈在92個聚落，村里前三名分別是古寧村、汶沙里、珠沙里。聚落前三名分別是湖下、后盤山、沙美；在金門六「鄉鎮」排名前三分別是金城鎮147位、金寧鄉118位、金沙鎮99位；在「性別」男女性是8：2比例；在「學科」研究發現科技類288人在總人數457人中佔63.15％，十五個學門中又以工程及工程業學門125人佔43.40％最高、社會類116人佔總人數24.78％，在六個學門中又以社會及行為科學學門56人佔48.27％最高、人文類52人佔總人數11.40％，六個學門中又以人文學門37人佔71.15％最高。

關鍵字

金門博士；比較性研究

並列摘要

Kinmen has the reputation of being a place where coastal culture flourishes, both Youxi Zheng (first Jinshi (scholars) of Taiwan) and Tinglan Cai (first Jinshi of Penghuting) are of Kinmen ancestry. While many local researchers are studying the Jinshis of Jinmen, only a few studies were related to doctorate degree holders. Both Jinshi and doctorate degree-holders can bring honor to their families, hang horizontal inscribed boards in the ancestral temple, reverently appreciate the virtue and blessing of the ancestors, which is a traditional cultural characteristic of the coastal Southern Fujian. This paper adopted Bereday's comparative method in education to conduct a comparative study of the changes in time, universities, settlement, township, gender, and discipline among Kinmen doctoral graduates. The study finds the following: the comparative study from the ＂time＂ perspective reveals that, after dividing the 60 years into five stages, there were eight years in which Kinmen had no doctoral graduate. In earlier years, it was more difficult to obtain a doctorate and thus there was less number of graduates, whereas in later years, when it was easier to obtain a degree, the number of graduates was higher. From the ＂universities＂ perspective, it is found that foreign schools accounted for 41.13% and domestic schools accounted for 58.86%, among which the 221 graduates from 20 domestic public universities accounted for 82.15%, with Taiwan University having the most, 56 graduates. 113 graduates from 61 American universities accounted for 60.63%, with the University of Michigan, New York University, Purdue University, and the University of California, Berkeley having the most graduates. In the study of ＂settlements＂, it was found that among the 170 settlements across 6 townships, 452 doctoral graduates were distributed in 92 settlements. The top three villages were Guning Village, Wenshali, and Zhushali; the top three settlements were Huxia, Houpangshan, and Shamei; and the top three out of the six townships were Jincheng Township with 147 graduates, Jinning Township with 118 graduates, and Jinsha Township with 99 graduates. In terms of ＂gender＂, the ratio of male to female is 8:2. The research of “disciplines＂ found that 288 graduates were in scientific and technical majors, accounting for 63.15% of the total number of 457 graduates. Among the 15 disciplines of this category, engineering was the top discipline, with 125 graduates, accounting for 43.40%. 116 graduates were in the social sciences category, which contained 6 disciplines, accounting for 24.78% of total graduates. Among them, the social and behavioral sciences discipline had the most graduates, with 56 graduates accounting for 48.27%. 52 graduates are in humanities majors, accounting for 11.40% of the total, and 37 graduates in humanities discipline accounted for 71.15% of the total number of graduates among the six disciplines.