基督教本土化歷程中的世俗糾葛與神聖追求——以施瑋《叛教者》為例

基督教在中國大陸的本土化是一個至今仍在進行的複雜歷程。靈性文學作家施瑋的長篇歷史小說《叛教者》是對上個世紀二三十年代及至新中國成立之後基督教在中國本土化歷程的一次集中書寫，具體包括三大方面：一是現當代中國本土教會自立問題中涉及到的「屬靈」與「屬世」的爭議，小說深入探討了在追求神聖性的過程中，將「上帝的」與「凱撒的」混為一談的危險性，以及由此陷入的世俗糾葛；二是對基督教神學思想本土化後，在具體實踐過程中出現的「偶像崇拜」以及「集體叛教」現象的反思。基督教核心教義中徹底的「一神」思想、神與人之間的明確界限，在真正的信仰實踐中，並非易事；三是在「國權主義」與基督教普世價值產生劇烈衝突時，作為「政治陪綁者」的基督教信徒面對著極其殘酷的階級鬥爭和政治清洗。小說充分展現了當人面對困境時，來自現實層面的巨大苦難與精神層面的靈魂拷問，導致信徒們或沉淪、或掙扎、或超越的複雜景象，同時也明確表達了基督信仰超越「階級立場」與「世俗權威」的普世化性質。

關鍵字

施瑋《叛教者》；世俗糾葛；神聖追求

並列摘要

Indigenization of Christianity in China is a complex process that is still ongoing .Renegades, a novel written by Shi Wei, a writer of spiritual literature, is a concentrated account of the localization of Christianity in China, which is presented in three aspects: First, the dispute between "spiritual" and "worldly" involved in the self-reliance of local churches in modern and contemporary China. The novel probes into the danger of confusing "God's" with "Caesar's" in the process of pursuing holiness, as well as the worldly entanglements caused by it.The second is the reflection on the phenomenon of "idolatry" and "collective apostasy" in the concrete practice after the localization of Christian theology. The radical idea of "monotheism" at the heart of Christianity, the clear line between God and man, is not easy in the true practice of faith; Third, when there was a sharp conflict between "nationalism" and Christian universal values, Christians, as "passively bound one" in political movements, faced extremely cruel class struggle and political cleansing.The novel fully shows the complex scene that when people face difficulties, great suffering from the realistic level and soul torture from the spiritual level lead believers to sink, struggle or transcend. At the same time, it also clearly expresses the universal nature of Christian belief beyond "class position" and "secular authority".