大體解剖課的醫學人文意涵：以大體老師家屬訪問為例

The Medical Humanities in Gross Anatomy Course: the Example of Interviewing Donator's Family Members

邱瑞珍 ； 韓德彥 ； 蔡博方

《人文社會與醫療學刊》 6期 (2019/05) Pp. 1-26

https://doi.org/10.6279/JHSSM.201905_(6).0001

摘要

大體解剖為醫學系重要之必修課程。國內許多醫學系配合此課程舉辦相關儀式及活動，以增進學生的醫學人文素養。臺北醫學大學在此課程中置入學生對捐贈者家屬之訪談，訪談對象包含家屬或者捐贈者本人。本研究利用量化、質性研究法，以量表、文本分析與焦點團體訪談，探究醫學系160位學生參與大體老師家屬訪談的效益。量表包含生命態度量表中愛與關懷、死亡態度，以及大體解剖課程學習成效量表、傑佛遜醫師同理心量表。文本來源為學生家訪後的反思心得，並採用內容分析整理學生看法。焦點團體訪談則用以確認量表分析與文本分析。量化研究發現：學生在「愛與關懷」、「死亡態度」與「課程成效」方面，於家訪進行之後顯著提升；同理心期初與期末相比，則顯著下降。質化分析顯示學生在愛與關懷、死亡態度、課程成效、同理心都明顯受大體老師家屬訪問而得到正面影響。安排醫學生訪談大體捐贈者或其家屬，具備提升醫學人文素養之效益，惟傑佛遜醫師同理心量表所測概念未必能呈現這樣的變化。

關鍵字

大體老師家訪 ； 生命態度 ； 愛與關懷 ； 同理心

並列摘要

The gross anatomy course is a crucial required course in medical schools. In Taiwan, most medical schools held related rituals and activities for the gross anatomy course, in order to develop students' medical humanity. Taipei Medical University designs the activity of interviewing donator or donator's family members in the course. With quantitative and qualitative methods, this study investigated the effect of 160 medical students who participated the interviewing. The questionnaire battery in this study included subscale of Love and Care, and subscale of Attitude Towards Death in the Scale of Attitude Towards Life, Learning Effectiveness of Gross Anatomy Laboratory Scale, and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy--Student Version. Textual data from students' reflective writing and focused group interview were processed through content and template analysis. The quantitative results showed that after interviewing donator or donator's family members, students' three scores, Love and Care, Attitude Towards Death, and Learning Effectiveness of Gross Anatomy Laboratory Scale, were significantly higher, yet the scores in Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy was significantly lower. The qualitative results showed that students were positively influences by interviewing donator or donator's family members among all four dimensions, which included love and care, attitude towards death, learning effectiveness of the course, and empathy. Arranging medical students to interview donator or their family members increases students' medical humanity, however, Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy seemed unable to reflect this change.

並列關鍵字

interviewing donator's family members ； attitude towards death ； love and care ； empathy