社會工作者薪資酬賞與工作滿意度之影響因子：傾向分數配對法之分析

Factors Affecting Social Worker Salary and Job Satisfaction: Analysis of Propensity Score Matching

顏玉如 ； 林大森 ； 張國慶

《人文社會與醫療學刊》 9期 (2022/05) Pp. 205-229

https://doi.org/10.6279/JHSSM.202205_(9).0007

摘要

1997年「社會工作師法」完成立法，獲得國家考試認證，加上近20年來台灣社會工作系所大幅擴張，社工儼然成為高中生青睞的科系。然而，對於「大學畢業後什麼樣的人會從事社工」，過去並沒有豐富的研究累積。本研究針對兩個問題進行實證分析：一、就業職能、教育與職業相符如何影響大學畢業生選擇從事社工？二、是／否從事社工，他們的薪資和工作滿意度有沒有明顯差異？為避免樣本自我選擇偏誤，本研究採用較OLS線性迴歸更為嚴謹的「傾向分數配對法」，分析哪些特質對於成為社工具有影響。本研究分析資料來自於國立台灣師大教育評鑑與研究中心主持的「台灣高等教育整合資料庫－大學畢業後一年」調查資料。研究發現有三：一、以畢業後從事全職工作者觀之，社工系畢業生62%進入社工勞力市場。二、就業職能較差者、教育與職業相稱度高者，有較高機率從事社工。三、從事社工與否在薪資所得、工作滿意度上皆無顯著差別。本研究詳細探究社工勞力市場的選擇過程，亦可豐富社會工作實證研究的學術積累。

關鍵字

社會工作 ； 專業化 ； 薪資 ； 工作滿意度 ； 傾向分數配對法

並列摘要

In 1997, the ＂Social Worker Act＂ legislation was completed and it obtained national examination certification. In addition, with the substantial expansion of Taiwan's social work departments in the past 20 years, social work has become a favorite department of high school students. However, few past studies have addressed ＂What kind of person will be a social worker after graduating from university＂. In this study, empirical analysis of two questions was undertaken: First, how employee competences and education-job matching affect College Graduates' choice to be a social worker? Second, whether they are employed as social workers, is there any significant difference in their salary and job satisfaction? This study used ＂propensity score matching＂ to analyze which characteristics have an impact on becoming a social worker. Survey from the ＂Taiwan Integrated Postsecondary Education Database--One Year after University Graduation＂ built by the NTNU Education Research and Assessment Center were used for data analysis. The results of the study are three: First, to engage in full-time social workers after graduation, 62% of social work graduates enter the social work labor market. Second, those with poor employee competences and high education-job matching have a higher chance of engaging in social worker. Third, there is no significant difference in salary and job satisfaction between people who are engaged in social work or not. This study explores the selection process of the social labor market, also enriching the academic accumulation of empirical research on social work.

並列關鍵字

social work ； professionalization ； salary ； job satisfaction ； propensity score matching