護理人員之工作環境與工作負荷對護理品質影響之研究

A Study of the Effect of Working Environment and Workload of Nurses on the Nursing Quality

邱淑瑾(Shu-Chin Chiu) ； 王萬琳(Wan-Lin Wang) ； 應立志(Li-Chih Ying) ； 江蕙娟(Hui-Chaun Chiang) ； 林川雄(Chuan-Hsiung Lin)

《休閒事業研究》 11卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 41-53

https://doi.org/10.6746/LIR.201306_11(2).0003

摘要

隨著社會、經濟環境之進步，病患對醫療體系所提供之醫療照護品質有更高之期待，而醫療照護品質中之護理品質占極重要之份量。文獻顯示護理品質會受到護理人員之工作環境及工作負荷所影響。由於病房之護理人員工作負荷較重，故本研究乃選擇個案醫院之內外科病房護理人員作為研究對象。本研究之目的為探討內外科病房護理人員之工作環境及工作負荷與護理品質之關係。採問卷調查法，內容涵蓋受試者基本資料、護理品質瑕疵之發生頻率、護理品質之過程、護理人員之工作環境及其工作負荷等五部份。共獲86份有效問卷，並執行描述性統計、t檢定、Pearson積差相關及因素分析。研究結果為護理品質瑕疵之發生頻率平均每月少於一次；護理品質之過程達成情形良好；工作環境尚稱滿意。工作負荷構面中之下班時間經常逾時1小時以上及工作需要做事很快之現象確實存在。另外，護理人員之工作環境與護理品質之過程以及直接負荷因素與護理品質瑕疵發生頻率均呈現顯著正相關。研究結論為院方應設法提高護理人員對工作環境之滿意程度以及降低護理人員之直接負荷，以提升護理品質過程之達成並減少護理品質瑕疵發生之頻率。

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 工作環境 ； 工作負荷 ； 護理品質

並列摘要

With the advances in social and economic environment, patients have higher expectations of the health care quality provided by the health care system. Nursing quality is playing a very important role in the health care quality. The literatures show that the nursing quality will be affected by the working environment and workload of nurses. Because of heavier workload, this study chose nurses of the medical and surgical ward. The objective of this paper is to explore the relation between nursing quality and working environment and workload. We use the questionnaires to collect data. The contents of questionnaire include five parts: demographics of nurses, scales of defects frequency of nursing quality, process of nursing quality, working environment and workload. 86 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's r and factor analysis. The results as following: Defects frequency of nursing quality was less than once per month on average. The achievement of process of nursing quality is good and the working environment is fairly satisfied. The situations of extra one working hour and quick action existed. In addition, the working environment is significantly positively correlated with process of nursing quality, so is the direct load factor with the defects frequency of nursing quality. We conclude that the hospital should try to improve the satisfaction level of working environment and reduce the direct load of nurses in order to enhance achievement of process of nursing quality and reduce the defects frequency of nursing quality.

並列關鍵字

nurses ； working environment ； workload ； nursing quality