不同背景變項的桌球選手運動熱情及運動動機之研究

Research of Different Background Variable Table Tennis Player the Movement of Enthusiasm and the Movement Motive

李京展(Ching-Chan Lee) ； 林耀豐(Yaw-Feng Lin)

《屏東教大運動科學學刊》 6期 (2010/08) Pp. 93-115

摘要

本研究目的是為探討不同背景變項的桌球選手在運動熱情和參與動機之差異以及運動熱情與參與動機之相關性。本研究採問卷調查法，使用「運動熱情量表」、「運動動機量表」作為研究工具，經信度與效度檢定後，以參加九十七年度中正盃桌球錦標賽之選手為對象，參與者共計100名，其中男子選手59名（平均年齡18.7±3.1歲）及女子選手41名（平均年齡17.8±3.2歲）。所得資料使用SPSS 15.0 for Windows中文版套裝軟體處理，以獨立樣本t-test、獨立樣本one-way MANOVA、Scheffe事後比較法及典型相關分析法進行考驗，所有統計考驗之顯著水準均定為α=.05。研究結果如下：一、19-21歲的選手對於桌球運動的強迫式熱情顯著高於15-18歲的選手；學校代表隊對於桌球運動的強迫式熱情顯著高於縣市代表隊；不同性別、不同運動年齡組則未呈現差異。二、不同性別、不同年齡、運動年齡、運動資歷之桌球選手在運動動機上均未呈現差異。三、運動熱情與運動動機有顯著相關。運動熱情中的「調和式熱情」透過第一個典型因素，與運動動機中的「內在調節」、「內在動機」有較高的相關。運動熱情中的「強迫式熱情」透過第二個典型因素，與運動動機中的「外在調節」有較高的相關。而建議如下：一、本研究結果證實運動熱情與運動動機具有高度相關，因此若欲增進運動員的動機，亦可從提高選手運動熱情著手。二、未來研究者若能克服人力、物力及時間限制，以其他各運動專項選手為研究對象，將使研究結果更具推論性與代表性，也能更進一步探討不同受試者的差異。三、後續研究可採用「質量並重」的研究方法，同時採用質化與量化的研究方法，除了蒐集量化資料外，並可藉由訪談，了解所呈現量化資料結果的原因與其深層意義，增加研究的深度，提昇研究的價值。

關鍵字

桌球 ； 運動動機 ； 運動熱情

並列摘要

This of research goal is for the discussion different background variable table tennis contestant relevance of difference of as well as the movement enthusiasm and the participation motive in the movement enthusiasm and the participation motive. This research picks the questionnaire survey procedure, the use ”the movement warm meter”, ”the movement motive meter” the achievement studies the tool, after letter after validity examination, take participates in contestant of the 97 year Zhongzheng cup table tennis championship as the object, participant total 100, male contestant 59 (average age 18.7±3.1 year old) and female contestant 41 (average age 17.8±3.2 year old). The obtained material uses SPSS 15.0 for Windows Chinese version coverall software processing, by independent sample t-test, independent sample one-way MANOVA, Scheffe afterward the comparison test and the canonical correlation analytic method carries on the test, all statistical test the remarkable standard decides as α=.05. The findings are as follows:1. 19-21 year-old contestant warm obviously is higher than 15-18 year-old contestant regarding the table tennis movement's force type; the school team warm obviously is higher than the county city team regarding the table tennis movement's force type; the different sex, the different movement age groups have not presented the difference.2. Table tennis of contestant the different sex, the disparity in age, the movement age, the movement qualifications and records of service of has not presented the difference in the movement motive.3. The movement enthusiasm and the movement motive have obviously related. In the movement enthusiasm ”well distributed -like is warm” by the first typical factor, with the movement motive in ”the intrinsic adjustment”, ”the intrinsic motive” has high related. In the movement enthusiasm ”the force type is warm” by the second typical factor, ”the external adjustment” has high related with the movement motive, and suggests as follows:1. This findings confirmed that the movement enthusiasm and the movement motive have highly related, if therefore wants to promote athlete's motive, may also from enhance the contestant movement to begin warmly.2. In the future if the researcher can overcome the manpower, the physical resource and the time limit, take the other various movements special contestant as the object of study, will cause the findings to have inferential and the representation, can also the further discussion differently the trying difference.3. The following research may use ”quality and quantity both given due importance” the research technique, simultaneously uses the electron particle materialization and the quantification research technique, besides the data collection quantification material, and may because of the interview, understand that presents the quantification material result the reason with its deep meaning, increases the research the depth, the promotion research value.

並列關鍵字

The table tennis ； the movement motive ； the movement enthusiasm