島嶼居民觀光空間行為與觀光衝擊識覺關係之研究－以馬祖國家風景區為例

島嶼是一獨特人文與生態環境的空間型態，在此觀光空間中會有不同的文化和社會價值相互摩擦碰撞，而產生之間的互動、對話與協調，對空間中的個體與其主體性會產生很大的影響，並可能挑戰了原來文化論述建構下的自我，而影響擴及了空間中的居民與觀光客。本研究深入馬祖國家風景區，選擇馬祖四島－南竿、北竿、東引、莒光做為研究區域。了解在觀光空間與生活空間重疊下的居民其空間行為與觀光衝擊識覺，居民所感受的影響差異為何？影響程度如何？此外並試圖了解觀光空間與觀光衝擊間的關係。本研究探討馬祖地區居民觀光空間行為與觀光衝擊識覺之關係，共獲得474份有效問卷。男女性作答比例略為平均，皆在五成左右。馬祖地區居民之觀光空間行為上，本研究探討「居民與遊客互動變數」、「位置變數」、「空間鄰近性與涉入程度變數」、「文化相似度變數」。居民對觀光衝擊的整體識覺略偏向正面評價，正面衝擊識覺的前三名是「適當的觀光發展能對野生動植物與自然遺產做保護」、「增加居民與不同遊客間的了解與認識」、「觀光發展使得居民收入增加」。在探討各種差異檢定中發現「年齡」、「教育程度」、「婚姻」、「職業」、「月收入」、「參加馬祖地區相關會議」、「參加馬祖地區觀光相關會議」、「觀光發展了解程度」、「觀光業從業時間」、「馬祖居住的時間」、「居住在景點附近」、「遊客接觸頻率」、「遊客接觸方式」、「遊客接觸狀況」、「觀光發展支持程度」為最顯著並值得深入探討之變項。

關鍵字

觀光空間行為；島嶼觀光衝擊；馬祖

並列摘要

There will be different culture and social value has constant friction and collision to cause interaction, talk and coordinate in the tourism space. It will produce heavy influence to individual and its integral in tourism space and challenge oneself under originally culture. Its influence expands resident and tourist of tourism space. This research is deeply to explore the Machu National Scenic Area, and choose four islands include Nangan, Beigan, Dongyin Jyuguang. The purpose is to understand resident's space behavior tourism impact perception, what is the influence difference that residents experience in the overlap circumstance of tourism space and living space? How is the influence degree? In addition, it attempts to understand the relation of the tourism space and tourism impact.This research investigates the relation of tourism space behavior and tourism impact perception of the residents in Machu National Scenic Area. It gets 474 valid questionnaires. The proportion of answering of men and women are slightly average, all about 50%. On the tourism space behavior of the residents, it discuss four group parameters of 'resident interact with visitor', 'position', 'space nearing and the degree of involve', 'culture similarity'. Residents perceptions to tourism impacts are slightly agree on the positive. The top three of positive tourism impacts are 'Suitable tourism develop can protect wild animals and plants and natural legacy', 'Increasing understand among residents and different visitors', and 'Tourism development make resident's income increase'. In test analysis, we can find various difference variables for being most apparent and worth to discuss including 'age', 'education degree', 'marriage status', 'the occupation', 'monthly income', 'participate in the relevant meetings in Machu area', 'participate in the relevant tourism meetings in Machu area', 'the degree of understand tourism development', 'the time of employment of tourism industry', 'the residence length in Machu area', 'residence near the scenic spot', 'the frequency of tourist touch', 'the way of tourist touch', 'the state of tourist touch', 'the degree of support tourism development'.

並列關鍵字

Tourism Spatial Behavior ； Tourism Impact ； Machu National Scenic Area

參考文獻

韓菊美、宋國城，（2005），人地關係－全球變遷下的省思，全球變遷通訊雜誌，47，28-32。DOI:10.6539/GCC.200509_(47).0005

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Andereck, K.K., & Vogt, C.A. (2000). The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and tourism development options. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 27-37. DOI:10.1177/004728750003900104

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Ap, J. & Cromption, J.L. (1998). Developing and testing a tourism impact scale. Journal of Travel Research, 37, 122-130. DOI:10.1177/004728759803700203

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島嶼居民觀光空間行為與觀光衝擊識覺關係之研究－以馬祖國家風景區為例

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