2020年東京奧運會男子競技體操個人全能賽事D分與E分分值表現探討

目的：本研究針對2020年東京奧運會全能選手在資格賽與全能決賽各項D分及E分進行分析，藉此瞭解全能決賽選手們在不同競賽中各項分值表現差異。方法：研究對象為2020年東京奧運會男子競技體操個人全能決賽選手，並依照個人全能排名分為優秀組、次優秀組及一般組，透過混合設計二因子變異數考驗各組選手在資格賽與全能決賽各項D、E分差異。結果：無論在資格賽或全能決賽，優秀組與次優秀組在地板及單槓D分顯著高於一般組，優秀組鞍馬與單槓E分顯著高於次優秀組與一般組，雙槓優於次優秀組。吊環E分在資格賽無達顯著差異，全能決賽次優秀組顯著低於優秀組。無論合組選手在資格賽跳馬及雙槓的E分皆顯著高於全能決賽。結論：一、全能選手在兩場賽事上各單項D分表現穩定性優於E分。二、優秀組、次優秀組在地板及單槓上具有較優異的專項技術能力。在全能決賽中，次優秀組與一般組的動作失誤較多進而影響E分，間接導致各項最後得分及全能總分較低，最終名次亦受到影響。綜合上述結論，在個人全能競賽中E分表現的優劣對各單項最後得分、全能總分及最終名次等具有重大的影響。建議臺灣男子全能選手除了提升成套穩定度之外，同時增加地板與單槓連接加分，以利提高D分表現。

關鍵字

難度分；實施得分；資格賽；全能決賽；成績分析

並列摘要

Purpose: This study investigated the D and E scores of gymnasts in the men's All-Around competition in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, specifically comparing scores between the qualification and final rounds. Additionally, this study examined differences among the scores of each event within the All-Around competition. Methods: Gymnasts who participated in the All-Around final round at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games were recruited. On the basis of their personal rankings in the final round, these gymnasts were then divided into three groups: elite, sub-elite, and general. A mixed-design two-way analysis of variance was conducted to analyze and compare the D and E scores between groups and rounds. Results: Regardless of the round, the elite and sub-elite groups had significantly higher D scores than did the general group in the floor exercise and horizontal bar events, the elite group had significantly higher E scores than did the sub-elite and general groups in the pommel horse event and horizontal bar events, and the elite group had significantly higher E scores than did the sub-elite group in the parallel bars event. For the still rings event, no significant differences were observed between groups during the qualification round; however, by the final round, the elite group's E score had significantly increased, whereas the sub-elite group's E score had significantly decreased. Furthermore, in the final round, the elite group's E score was significantly higher than that of the sub-elite group. In the vault and parallel bars events, regardless of group, E scores were significantly higher in the qualification round than in the final round. Conclusion: I) The D scores were more consistent across events in the qualification and final rounds than were the E scores. II) The elite and sub-elite groups demonstrated superior technical ability to the general group in the floor exercise and horizontal bar events. III) During the final round, the sub-elite and general groups exhibited less stability in their routines, resulting in more errors and lower E scores. These performance problems ultimately affected their final scores, their total All-Around scores for each event, and their overall rankings. In summary, E score performance had a significant effect on the final score in each event, the All-Around score, and the overall ranking. Accordingly, this paper recommends that All-Around gymnasts focus on improving their stability during routines and consider adding connect bonuses to increase their total D scores.

並列關鍵字

difficulty score ； execution score ； qualification ； All-Around final ； score analysis

參考文獻

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